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This is a language family first proposed by linguist Zhengzhang Shangfang, [13] and was expanded to include Longjia and Luren. [14] [15] It likely split off from the rest of Sinitic during the Old Chinese period. [16] The languages included are all considered minority languages in China and are spoken in the Southwest. [17] [18] The languages ...
The Chinese (or 'Sinitic') languages are typically divided into seven major language groups, and their study is a distinct academic discipline. [1] They differ as much from each other morphologically and phonetically as do English, German and Danish, but meanwhile share the same writing system ( Hanzi ) and are mutually intelligible in written ...
我 wǒ I 给 gěi give 你 nǐ you 一本 yìběn a 书 shū book [我給你一本書] 我 给 你 一本 书 wǒ gěi nǐ yìběn shū I give you a book In southern dialects, as well as many southwestern and Lower Yangtze dialects, the objects occur in the reverse order. Most varieties of Chinese use post-verbal particles to indicate aspect, but the particles used vary. Most Mandarin ...
Language map of Hunan Province. New Xiang is orange, Old Xiang yellow, and Chen-Xu Xiang red. Non-Xiang languages are (clockwise from top right) Gan (purple), Hakka (pink along the right), Xiangnan Tuhua (dark green), Waxianghua (dark blue on the left), and Southwestern Mandarin (light blue, medium blue, light green on the left; part of dark ...
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Speakers of this language generally consider the name "Tai Yuan" to be pejorative [citation needed]. They refer to themselves as Khon Mueang ( ᨤᩫ᩠ᨶᨾᩮᩬᩥᨦ , คน เมือง , [kʰon˧.mɯaŋ˧] – literally "people of Mueang " meaning "city dwellers"), Lanna, or Northern Thai.
Northern Yi is the largest with some two million speakers and is the basis of the literary language. It is an analytic language. [22] There are also ethnically Yi languages of Vietnam which use the Yi script, such as Mantsi. Many Yi in Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi know Standard Chinese and code-switching between Yi and Chinese is common.
The existence of such elaborate system of inflectional changes in Proto-Sino-Tibetan makes the language distinctive from some of its modern descendants, such as the Sinitic languages, which have mostly or completely become analytic. Proto-Sino-Tibetan, like Old Chinese, also included numerous consonant clusters, and was not a tonal language.