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Keratitis is a condition in which the eye's cornea, the clear dome on the front surface of the eye, becomes inflamed. [1] The condition is often marked by moderate to intense pain and usually involves any of the following symptoms: pain, impaired eyesight, photophobia (light sensitivity), red eye and a 'gritty' sensation. [2]
Corneal ulcer, also called keratitis, is an inflammatory or, more seriously, infective condition of the cornea involving disruption of its epithelial layer with involvement of the corneal stroma. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is a common condition in humans particularly in the tropics and in farming. [ 4 ]
It is a type of ultraviolet keratitis. Such UV exposure can be caused by arc welding without wearing protective eye glass, or by high altitude exposure from sunlight reflected from snow ("snow blindness"). The inflammation will only appear after about 6 to 12 hours. It can be treated by rest, as the inflammation usually heals after 24–48 hours.
In the United States, Acanthamoeba keratitis is nearly always associated with soft contact lens use. [7] Acanthamoeba spp. is most commonly introduced to the eye by contact lenses that have been exposed to the organism through the use of contaminated lens solution, using homemade saline-based solution or tap water, or from wearing contact lenses while bathing or swimming.
Peripheral Ulcerative Keratitis (PUK) is a group of destructive inflammatory diseases involving the peripheral cornea in human eyes. [1] The symptoms of PUK include pain , redness of the eyeball, photophobia , and decreased vision accompanied by distinctive signs of crescent-shaped damage of the cornea.
Acute bacterial conjunctivitis [1] Trauma; Exposure keratopathy from poor eyelid closure; Ultraviolet or chemical burn; Contact lens-related disorder such as toxicity or tight lens syndrome; Trichiasis; Entropion or ectropion; Floppy eyelid syndrome; Chemotherapy i.e. cytosine arabinoside; Thygeson's Superficial Punctate Keratopathy
Bacterial meningitis, for instance, "requires immediate intravenous antibiotics and sometimes corticosteroids to reduce inflammation, while viral meningitis usually resolves on its own with rest ...
Active bacterial infections may be treated with a topical antibiotic or a combination antibiotic-steroid eye drop, such as tobramycin/dexamethasone (Tobradex). [1] An oral tetracycline antibiotic (such as doxycycline ) may be used in systemic or particularly severe/intractable infections.