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The nine familial exterminations, nine kinship exterminations, or execution of nine relations, also known by the names zuzhu ("family execution") and miezu ("family extermination"), was the most severe punishment for a capital offense in premodern China, Korea, and Vietnam.
Li Dongyang's (李東陽, 1447–1516) list, which includes 9 creatures; Yang Shen's (楊慎, 1488–1559) list, which also includes 9 creatures — this version is the most widely found one; Fang Yizhi's (方以智, 1611－1671) list, which combines elements of the previous lists; Below are all the creatures mentioned in these lists:
Sir Henry Pottinger, the 1st Governor of Hong Kong. It was not uncommon for British officials to be given translation of their names in history. Before getting a new translation, the name of the very first Hong Kong colonial governor, Henry Pottinger, was originally translated as 煲 顛 茶 or Bōu Dīn Chàh in Cantonese [7] which phonetically rhymes with his family name Pottinger fairly ...
View a machine-translated version of the Chinese article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.
Often called "Small Exceeding", "preponderance of the small" and "small surpassing", but literal translation of 小過 is: small mistake, slightly too much. Its inner (lower) trigram is ☶ ( 艮 gèn) bound = ( 山 ) mountain, and its outer (upper) trigram is ☳ ( 震 zhèn) shake = ( 雷 ) thunder.
Hundred Family Surnames poem written in Chinese characters and Phagspa script, from Shilin Guangji written by Chen Yuanjing in the Yuan dynasty. The Hundred Family Surnames (Chinese: 百家姓), commonly known as Bai Jia Xing, [1] also translated as Hundreds of Chinese Surnames, [2] is a classic Chinese text composed of common Chinese surnames.
The following are lists of people significant to the Three Kingdoms period (220–280) of Chinese history. Their names in Mandarin pinyin are sorted in alphabetical order. Fictional characters in the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms and those found in other cultural references to the Three Kingdoms are listed ...
The first specialist reference for the English renderings of Chinese official titles was written in 1878 by a British legate to the Chinese government in Beijing, William Frederick Mayers. The most common terms used today in translation of official titles date back to Homer H. Dubs 's translation of the Book of Han and Book of the Later Han ...