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BCEM, also referred to as conjunctival hypermelanosis, complexion-associated melanosis, or racial melanosis, is a non-cancerous lesion of the conjunctiva that is more commonly found in dark-skinned individuals (over 90% of lesions are found in black persons and around 5% in white persons). [1]
Waardenburg syndrome is a group of rare genetic conditions characterised by at least some degree of congenital hearing loss and pigmentation deficiencies, which can include bright blue eyes (or one blue eye and one brown eye), a white forelock or patches of light skin.
Near-sightedness is one of the most prevalent disorders of the eye. [6] Rates among adults are between 15 and 49% while rates among children are between 1.2 and 42%. [ 7 ] Far-sightedness more commonly affects young children, whose eyes have yet to grow to their full length, and the elderly, who have lost the ability to compensate with their ...
It involves excising a damaged section of cornea, and replacing it with a section (or "flap") of the patient's own conjunctiva. [ 1 ] It is named for Trygve Gundersen (1902 – February 24, 1987), an American ophthalmologist of Scandinavian descent, who first described the procedure in 1958 at the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary .
Anterior segment mesenchymal dysgenesis, or simply anterior segment dysgenesis, is a failure of the normal development of the tissues of the anterior segment of the eye. It leads to anomalies in the structure of the mature anterior segment, associated with an increased risk of glaucoma and corneal opacity .
Axenfeld–Rieger syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant [2] disorder, which affects the development of the teeth, eyes, and abdominal region. [3]Axenfeld–Rieger syndrome is part of the so-called iridocorneal or anterior segment dysgenesis syndromes, [4] which were formerly known as anterior segment cleavage syndromes, anterior chamber segmentation syndromes or mesodermal dysgenesis.
Treatment options include contact lenses and intrastromal corneal ring segments for correcting refractive errors caused by irregular corneal surface, [7] [8] corneal collagen cross-linking to strengthen a weak and ectatic cornea, [9] or corneal transplant for advanced cases.
Corneal topography, also known as photokeratoscopy or videokeratography, is a non-invasive medical imaging technique for mapping the anterior curvature of the cornea, the outer structure of the eye. Since the cornea is normally responsible for some 70% of the eye's refractive power , [ 1 ] its topography is of critical importance in determining ...