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  2. Shellshock (software bug) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shellshock_(software_bug)

    Shellshock, also known as Bashdoor, [1] is a family of security bugs [2] in the Unix Bash shell, the first of which was disclosed on 24 September 2014.Shellshock could enable an attacker to cause Bash to execute arbitrary commands and gain unauthorized access [3] to many Internet-facing services, such as web servers, that use Bash to process requests.

  3. Bad command or file name - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bad_command_or_file_name

    "foo" is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file. Some early Unix shells produced the equally cryptic " foo: no such file or directory " again accurately describing what is wrong but confusing users.

  4. Configuration file - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Configuration_file

    Across Unix-like operating systems many different configuration-file formats exist, with each application or service potentially having a unique format, but there is a strong tradition of them being in human-editable plain text, and a simple key–value pair format is common.

  5. Bash (Unix shell) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bash_(Unix_shell)

    In computing, Bash (short for "Bourne Again SHell,") [6] is an interactive command interpreter and command programming language developed for UNIX-like operating systems. [7] Created in 1989 [ 8 ] by Brian Fox for the GNU Project , it is supported by the Free Software Foundation and designed as a 100% free alternative for the Bourne shell ( sh ...

  6. Kernel panic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel_panic

    The kernel panic was introduced in an early version of Unix and demonstrated a major difference between the design philosophies of Unix and its predecessor Multics. Multics developer Tom van Vleck recalls a discussion of this change with Unix developer Dennis Ritchie:

  7. Shell (computing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell_(computing)

    Command Prompt, a CLI shell in Windows Bash, a widely adopted Unix shell A command-line interface (CLI) is an operating system shell that uses alphanumeric characters typed on a keyboard to provide instructions and data to the operating system, interactively.

  8. systemd - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemd

    systemd tracks processes using the Linux kernel's cgroups subsystem instead of using process identifiers (PIDs); thus, daemons cannot "escape" systemd, not even by double-forking. systemd not only uses cgroups, but also augments them with systemd-nspawn and machinectl , two utility programs that facilitate the creation and management of Linux ...

  9. Environment variable - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environment_variable

    Alternatively, from command shells such as bash, a user can change environment variables for a particular command invocation by indirectly invoking it via env or using the ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE=VALUE <command> notation. A running program can access the values of environment variables for configuration purposes.