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The term brown rot replaced the general use of the term dry rot, as wood must be damp to decay, although it may become dry later. Dry rot is a generic name for certain species of brown-rot fungi. Brown-rot fungi of particular economic importance include Serpula lacrymans (true dry rot), Fibroporia vaillantii (mine fungus), and Coniophora ...
The fungus is a saprobe and opportunistic fungal pathogen found in wood and soil. [2] Infected wood exhibits a greenish-yellow color with brown border lines. [1] [2] Eventually, infected wood turns black and disintegrates as S. ganodermophthorum consumes it. [1] Fungal colonies range from pale yellow to yellow green on agar plates. [2]
Chemically, wood attacked by dry rot fungi is decayed by the same process as other brown rot fungi. An outbreak of dry rot within a building can be an extremely serious infestation that is hard to eradicate, requiring drastic remedies to correct. Significant decay can cause instability and cause the structure to collapse.
Spalting is divided into three main types: pigmentation, white rot, and zone lines.Spalted wood may exhibit one or all of these types in varying degrees. Both hardwoods and softwoods can spalt, but zone lines and white rot are more commonly found on hardwoods due to enzymatic differences in white rotting fungi.
Decomposition or rot is the process by which dead organic substances are broken down into simpler organic or inorganic matter such as carbon dioxide, water, simple sugars and mineral salts. The process is a part of the nutrient cycle and is essential for recycling the finite matter that occupies physical space in the biosphere .
The decayed wood has a distinct wintergreen aroma that signifies trunk rot. At the initial stages, the decay may appear discolored but continue to be hard and firm while at later stages, the rot may becomes brownish and the tree may lose structural strength and snap due to a wind gust or other damaging factor. [6] Aspen trunk rot affects older ...
Inonotus andersonii, also known as oak canker-rot and heart rot, is a species of resupinate polypore fungus that forms fruiting bodies underneath tree bark. [1] I. andersonii induces canker rot in oak, hickory, cottonwood, and willow trees. [2] [3] Wood that has been infected by this species appears bleached of color and crumbles easily.
S. lacrymans is a form of brown rot, a group of fungi which digest the cellulose and hemicellulose in timber. This particular species poses the greatest threat to buildings since it can spread through non-nutrient providing materials (e.g., masonry and plaster) for several meters until it finds more timber to attack.