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A hemangioma or haemangioma is a usually benign vascular tumor derived from blood vessel cell types. The most common form, seen in infants, is an infantile hemangioma, known colloquially as a "strawberry mark", most commonly presenting on the skin at birth or in the first weeks of life.
Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (also known as: [1] "Epithelioid hemangioma," "Histiocytoid hemangioma," "Inflammatory angiomatous nodule," "Intravenous atypical vascular proliferation," "Papular angioplasia," "Inflammatory arteriovenous hemangioma," and "Pseudopyogenic granuloma") usually presents with pink to red-brown, dome-shaped, dermal papules or nodules of the head or neck ...
An infantile hemangioma, also called a strawberry angioma, on a child's arm. Angiomas usually appear at or near the surface of the skin anywhere on the body, and may be considered bothersome depending on their location. However, they may be present as symptoms of another more serious disorder, such as cirrhosis. When they are removed, it is ...
Infantile hemangiomas are the most common type of vascular tumor to affect babies, [4] accounting for 90% of hemangiomas. [5] They are characterised by the abnormal proliferation of endothelial cells and of deviant blood vessel formation or architecture. [6] Hypoxic stress seems to be a major trigger for this. [7]
The corduroy sign reflects the characteristic trabecular changes caused by the hemangioma, namely, thinning of trabeculae as well as thickened vertical struts, resulting from compensatory hypertrophy of the remaining trabeculae to maintain structural integrity. These vertical trabecular striations give rise to the "corduroy" appearance on imaging.
Lipomas are usually diagnosed clinically, although imaging (ultrasound, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging) may be utilized to assist with the diagnosis of lipomas in atypical locations. [24] The main treatment for lipomas is surgical excision, after which the tumor is examined with histopathology to confirm the diagnosis. [24]
Infantile hemangioma is the most common vascular tumor. It is a benign tumor, which occurs in 4-5% of Caucasian infants, but rarely in dark skinned infants. [6] It occurs in 20% of low weight premature infants and 2.2 to 4.5 times more frequently in females. [7]
The terminology of hemangiomas has faced recommendations by the International Society for the Study of Vasular Anomalies to rename the lesions' as "venous malformations" to present consistent language for practitioners and patients. However, the term "vertebral hemangioma" remains dominant throughout the literature. [22] [23]