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This is a list of special types of claims that may be found in a patent or patent application.For explanations about independent and dependent claims and about the different categories of claims, i.e. product or apparatus claims (claims referring to a physical entity), and process, method or use claims (claims referring to an activity), see Claim (patent), section "Basic types and categories".
A claim chart is a widely used device in patent infringement litigation. [1] It is a convenient and effective means for analyzing and presenting information regarding a patent claim .
A plurality of independent claims in the same claim category are only allowable in the exceptional circumstances listed in Rule 43(2)(a), (b) and (c). The applicant has the burden of showing "that one of the exceptions under Rule 43(2) EPC apply". [12] Rule 43(2) is only applicable during examination proceedings, not in opposition proceedings. [13]
Claims can also be classified in categories, i.e. in terms of what they claim. A claim can refer to a physical entity, i.e. a product (or material) or an apparatus (or device, system, article, ...). The claim is then called respectively "product claim" or "apparatus claim"; or; an activity, i.e. a process (or method) or a use.
A method patent claim can be infringed only when a single person or entity (including contractually obligated agents) practices all of the claimed steps. [5] Neither a physical device, such as a product that can be used to practice the method, nor instructions for practicing the method, are infringing until they are used by a single person to ...
The connection of generalization to specialization (or particularization) is reflected in the contrasting words hypernym and hyponym.A hypernym as a generic stands for a class or group of equally ranked items, such as the term tree which stands for equally ranked items such as peach and oak, and the term ship which stands for equally ranked items such as cruiser and steamer.
The answer to a research question will help address a research problem or question. [5] Specifying a research question, "the central issue to be resolved by a formal dissertation, thesis, or research project," [6] is typically one of the first steps an investigator takes when undertaking research.
To help centralize discussions and keep related topics together, all CSD template talk pages redirect here. Long lists can be collapsed by using {{ hidden }} : {{ central | text = the talk pages for all help pages, categories, MediaWiki messages and templates related to cite errors redirect here.