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People experiencing pain may describe it as weakness. There may be enlargement at the TMC joint. [8] This area may be tender, meaning it is painful when pressed. There may also be hyperextension of the metacarpophalangeal joint. The thumb metacarpal deviates towards the middle of the hand (adduction). [12]
Heberden's nodes are hard or bony swellings that can develop in the distal interphalangeal joints (DIP) (the joints closest to the end of the fingers and toes). [1] They are a sign of osteoarthritis and are caused by formation of osteophytes (calcific spurs) of the articular (joint) cartilage in response to repeated trauma at the joint.
Arthrosis, osteoarthrosis, degenerative arthritis, degenerative joint disease: The formation of hard knobs at the middle finger joints (known as Bouchard's nodes) and at the farthest joints of the fingers (known as Heberden's nodes) is a common feature of osteoarthritis in the hands. Pronunciation /
The next joint, moving closer to the hand, is the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint. The thumb differs by only having two bones and one interphalangeal joint. [10] The injured finger may be examined to determine where the pain is worst. [3] If the finger is sprained or dislocated, pain will be worse at the joint rather than the bone. [3]
The treatments may include joint replacement surgery for severely damaged joints, immunosuppressants for immune system dysfunction, antibiotics when an infection is the cause, and discontinuing medication when an allergic reaction is the cause. When treating the primary cause, pain management may still play a role in treatment.
"Z-thumb" or "Z-deformity" consists of hyperextension of the interphalangeal joint, fixed flexion and subluxation of the metacarpophalangeal joint and gives a "Z" appearance to the thumb. [16]: 1098 The hammer toe deformity may be seen. In the worst case, joints are known as arthritis mutilans due to the mutilating nature of the deformities. [20]
Arthritis is a general medical term used to describe a disorder that affects joints. [2] Symptoms generally include joint pain and stiffness. [2] Other symptoms may include redness, warmth, swelling, and decreased range of motion of the affected joints.
Anterior interosseous syndrome is a medical condition in which damage to the anterior interosseous nerve (AIN), a distal motor and sensory branch of the median nerve, classically with severe weakness of the pincer movement of the thumb and index finger, and can cause transient pain in the wrist (the terminal, sensory branch of the AIN innervates the bones of the carpal tunnel).