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The formatting placeholders in scanf are more or less the same as that in printf, its reverse function.As in printf, the POSIX extension n$ is defined. [2]There are rarely constants (i.e., characters that are not formatting placeholders) in a format string, mainly because a program is usually not designed to read known data, although scanf does accept these if explicitly specified.
The C programming language provides many standard library functions for file input and output.These functions make up the bulk of the C standard library header <stdio.h>. [1] The functionality descends from a "portable I/O package" written by Mike Lesk at Bell Labs in the early 1970s, [2] and officially became part of the Unix operating system in Version 7.
gets() and scanf() family of I/O routines, for lack of (either any or easy) input length checking. Except the extreme case with gets(), all the security vulnerabilities can be avoided by introducing auxiliary code to perform memory management, bounds checking, input checking, etc. This is often done in the form of wrappers that make standard ...
ptrdiff_t is a signed integer type used to represent the difference between pointers. It is guaranteed to be valid only against pointers of the same type; subtraction of pointers consisting of different types is implementation-defined.
After a backslash, the compiler expects subsequent characters to complete one of the defined escape sequences, and then translates the escape sequence into the characters it represents. This syntax does require special handling to encode a backslash character – since it is a metacharacter that changes literal interpretation behavior; not the ...
type_character, available as an alternative to an As clause for some primitive data types; nullable_specifier; and; array_specifier; and that a modified_identifier is of the form identifier«type_character»«nullable_specifier»«array_specifier»; a modified_identifier_list is a comma-separated list of two or more occurrences of modified ...
Each string ends at the first occurrence of the zero code unit of the appropriate kind (char or wchar_t).Consequently, a byte string (char*) can contain non-NUL characters in ASCII or any ASCII extension, but not characters in encodings such as UTF-16 (even though a 16-bit code unit might be nonzero, its high or low byte might be zero).
HTML and XML provide ways to reference Unicode characters when the characters themselves either cannot or should not be used. A numeric character reference refers to a character by its Universal Character Set/Unicode code point, and a character entity reference refers to a character by a predefined name. A numeric character reference uses the ...