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Food fortification is the addition of micronutrients (essential trace elements and vitamins) to food products. Food enrichment specifically means adding back nutrients lost during food processing, while fortification includes adding nutrients not naturally present. [ 1 ]
The Food Fortification Initiative (FFI) is an organization that promotes the fortification of industrially milled flours and cereals. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] FFI assists country leaders in promoting, planning, implementing, and monitoring the fortification of industrially milled wheat flour , maize flour , and rice . [ 3 ]
Biofortification differs from ordinary fortification because it focuses on making plant foods more nutritious as the plants are growing, rather than having nutrients added to the foods when they are being processed. This is an important improvement on ordinary fortification when it comes to providing nutrients for the rural poor, who rarely ...
The rule stating that food had to contain 10 percent DV without fortification of one of the six nutrients (Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Iron, Calcium, Protein, and Fiber) is commonly referred to as the "jelly bean rule". In 1993, the FDA amended the Act, recognizing that it prohibited certain healthy foods from making important health claims.
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In the US, mandatory fortification of enriched breads, cereals, flours, corn meal, pastas, rice, and other grain products began in January 1998. As of 2023, 140 countries require food fortification with one or more vitamins, [32] with folate required in 69 countries. The most commonly fortified food is wheat flour, followed by maize flour and rice.
The World Health Organization does not have any recommendations for food fortification with vitamin E. [57] The Food Fortification Initiative does not list any countries that have mandatory or voluntary programs for vitamin E. [58] Infant formulas have alpha-tocopherol as an ingredient. In some countries, certain brands of ready-to-eat cereals ...
This differentiates enrichment from fortification, which is the process of introducing new nutrients to a food. 79 countries have fortification or enrichment for wheat or maize flour made "mandatory", according to the Global Fortification Data Exchange. [1]