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The relative importance of space and mass can change very quickly: in 1872, Viollet-le-Duc wrote his book, Entretiens sur l'architecture, completely avoiding the use of the word "space" in its modern meaning; just 20 years later August Schmarsow was declaring the primacy of German: Raumgestaltung, "forming the space". [10]
Name Country and territory Place Floor area Volume Department store: Shinsegae Centum City [91] South Korea: Busan: 509,810 m 2 (5,487,500 sq ft) Industrial building: Boeing Everett Factory United States: Everett, Washington: 398,000 m 2 (4.3 million sq ft) 13.3 million m 3 (472 million cubic ft) Legislature building: Sappaya-Sapasathan [92 ...
For elements in traction, a reduction of 25% in the working stress or an increase of 25% in the volume is therefore also necessary in the majority of cases. Determining the volume and the displacement of a structure using the indicators W and Δ is therefore reliable theoretically, providing that: the working stress is reduced by at least 25% ;
Mathematically, density is defined as mass divided by volume: [1] =, where ρ is the density, m is the mass, and V is the volume. In some cases (for instance, in the United States oil and gas industry), density is loosely defined as its weight per unit volume , [ 2 ] although this is scientifically inaccurate – this quantity is more ...
In the Renaissance, an architect like Leon Battista Alberti was expected to be knowledgeable in many disciplines, including arithmetic and geometry.. The architects Michael Ostwald and Kim Williams, considering the relationships between architecture and mathematics, note that the fields as commonly understood might seem to be only weakly connected, since architecture is a profession concerned ...
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One of the best-known examples is the crypto-porticus under the palaces of the Caesars in Rome. In Hadrian's Villa in Rome they formed the principal private intercommunication between the several buildings. [20] Cuneus A wedge-shaped division of the Roman theatre separated by the scalae or stairways. [21] This shape also occurred in medieval ...
The surface-area-to-volume ratio has physical dimension inverse length (L −1) and is therefore expressed in units of inverse metre (m −1) or its prefixed unit multiples and submultiples. As an example, a cube with sides of length 1 cm will have a surface area of 6 cm 2 and a volume of 1 cm 3. The surface to volume ratio for this cube is thus