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Freeze drying, also known as lyophilization or cryodesiccation, is a low temperature dehydration process [1] ... In a typical phase diagram, ...
English: Phase diagram showing dehydration processes, including ordinary drying (green), freeze drying (blue), and supercritical drying (red). Source SVG conversion from Image:Drying.PNG
Supercritical drying, also known as critical point drying, is a process to remove liquid in a precise and controlled way. [1] It is useful in the production of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), the drying of spices, the production of aerogel, the decaffeination of coffee and in the preparation of biological specimens. [2]
In a typical phase diagram, the boundary between gas and liquid runs from the triple point to the critical point. Regular drying is the green arrow, while supercritical drying is the red arrow and freeze drying is the blue. The following are some general methods of drying: Application of hot air (convective or direct drying). Air heating ...
(b) A standard freeze-drying technique where an aqueous solution is frozen. A typical phase diagram for pure compounds. Two methods are shown for the gel to aerogel transition: The solid-gas transition (during freeze-drying) and the transition from a liquid to gas during supercritical drying.
When performed on a larger scale, this technique is called freeze-drying, and the cold trap is referred to as the condenser. Cold traps are also used in cryopump systems to generate hard vacua by condensing the major constituents of the atmosphere (nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and water) into their liquid or solid forms.
IQF is also a common pre-treatment for freeze-drying food because both processes preserve the size, taste and cell structure of the food better than methods such as traditional block freezing or air drying.
This diagram shows the nomenclature for the different phase transitions. In physics , chemistry , and other related fields like biology, a phase transition (or phase change ) is the physical process of transition between one state of a medium and another.