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The Toba eruption (the Toba event) occurred at what is now Lake Toba about 73,700±300 years ago. [15] It was the last in a series of at least four caldera -forming eruptions at this location, with the earlier known caldera having formed around 1.2 million years ago. [ 16 ]
The Toba eruption (also called the Toba supereruption and the Youngest Toba eruption) was a supervolcanic eruption that occurred about 74,000 years ago, during the Late Pleistocene, [2] at the site of present-day Lake Toba, in Sumatra, Indonesia.
Lake Toba Caldera: Sunda Arc, Sumatra 2,800 - 5,300 [13] 74 Youngest Toba Tuff [b] 6 Barrier Volcano: Great Rift Valley, Kenya: 10 74 caldera formation 6 Kuttara Hokkaidō > 11 DRE 75 Kt-4 6 Phlegraean Fields Campanian volcanic arc 12.35 80 CA-1a Tephra 6 Bolshoy Semyachik: Kamchatka: 42 80 Bol'shoi Semiachik Caldera II 6 Hakone: Honshū: 10
The largest volcano of Sumatra is the supervolcano Toba within the 100 km (62 mi) × 30 km (19 mi) Lake Toba, which was created after a caldera collapse (est. in 74,000 Before Present). [2] The eruption is estimated to have been at level eight on the VEI scale, the highest level for a volcanic eruption.
Part of at least 20 large caldera-forming eruptions in the San Juan volcanic field and surrounding area that formed around 26 to 35 Ma. [19] [20] Lund Tuff 29.2 Indian Peak-Caliente Caldera Complex 4,400: Formed the White Rock Caldera, one of the largest eruptions of the Mid-Tertiary Ignimbrite flareup. [18] Jacui—Goboboseb II ~132
Lake Toba, Sumatra, Indonesia: 840 ka ±30: Oldest Toba Tuff [65] Taupō Volcanic Zone, Mangakino Caldera, North Island, New Zealand: 0.97 Ma: more than 300 km 3 (72.0 cu mi) Rocky Hill Ignimbrite [1] Taupō Volcanic Zone, Mangakino Caldera, North Island, New Zealand: 1.01 Ma: more than 300 km 3 (72.0 cu mi) Unit E [1] Lake Toba, Sumatra ...
Satellite image of Lake Toba, the site of a VEI 8 eruption c. 75,000 years ago Cross-section through Long Valley Caldera. Supervolcanoes occur when magma in the mantle rises into the crust but is unable to break through it. Pressure builds in a large and growing magma pool until the crust is unable to contain the pressure and ruptures.
The most recent eruption, which occurred 70,000 years ago was among the largest known eruptions ever. Uluan is located on the Porsea caldera, a part of the volcano that erupted approximately 800,000 years ago. [1] Parapat, the primary transit point for tourists going across the lake to Samosir Island, is located on Uluan.