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A four-stroke (also four-cycle) engine is an internal combustion (IC) engine in which the piston completes four separate strokes while turning the crankshaft. A stroke refers to the full travel of the piston along the cylinder, in either direction.
four-stroke cycle, principle by which most modern automobile engines function. As illustrated by the figure, while the inlet valve is open, the piston first descends on the intake stroke. An ignitable mixture of gasoline vapour and air is drawn into the cylinder by the partial vacuum thus created.
Today, engines labeled as “Atkinson Cycle” largely use a modified Atkinson cycle, where the compression stroke is shortened by keeping an intake valve open during the start of combustion to bleed off pressure, as opposed to having a mechanically shorter stroke.
A visual diagram of the 4 stroke engine cycle, showing the intake, compression, power, and exhaust strokes. Understand how the engine works and the sequence of events that occur during each stroke. Learn about the process of combustion and how the engine converts fuel into power.
There are two kinds of internal combustion engines currently in production: the spark ignition gasoline engine and the compression ignition diesel engine. Most of these are four-stroke cycle engines, meaning four piston strokes are needed to complete a cycle.
The full combustion cycle consists of two revolutions of the crankshaft and four strokes: 1. Intake stroke. 2. Compression stroke. 3. Power stroke. 4. Exhaust stroke. To illustrate, we created these two animations of a four-stroke direct-injected gasoline and diesel engines.
Currently, most cars on the market use the four-stroke combustion cycle (invented by Nikolaus Otto in 1867, so sometimes it's referred to as the Otto cycle). The four strokes in the Otto cycle are the intake stroke, the compression stoke, the combustion stroke and the exhaust stroke.
A four-stroke engine takes two crankshaft revolutions to complete one engine cycle with the piston moving through 180° to complete each step in the cycle. A four-stroke cycle includes an intake and compression step (one crankshaft revolution) and a power and exhaust step (one crankshaft revolution).
A four-stroke cycle engine is an internal combustion engine that utilizes four distinct piston strokes (intake, compression, power, and exhaust) to complete one operating cycle. The piston make two complete passes in the cylinder to complete one operating cycle.
The burning of fuel is not a continuous process but occurs very quickly at regular time intervals. Between ignitions, the engine parts move in a repeated sequence called a cycle. The engine is called a four-stroke engine because there are four movements (strokes) of the piston during one cycle.