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The Roman army (Latin: exercitus Romanus) was the armed forces deployed by the Romans throughout the duration of Ancient Rome, from the Roman Kingdom (753 BC–509 BC) to the Roman Republic (509 BC–27 BC) and the Roman Empire (27 BC–476 AD), and its medieval continuation, the Eastern Roman Empire.
The military of ancient Rome was one of largest pre-modern professional standing armies that ever existed. At its height, protecting over 7,000 kilometers of border and consisting of over 400,000 legionaries and auxiliaries, the army was the most important institution in the Roman world. According to the Roman historian Livy, the military was a ...
Roman generals were general officers of the Roman army, the principle ground force of Ancient Rome. They commanded the army during the numerous military conflicts Rome was involved in during the period of classical antiquity .
A legate (Latin: legatus, Classical Latin: [ɫeːˈɡaːtʊs]) was a high-ranking Roman military officer in the Roman army, equivalent to a high-ranking general officer of modern times. Initially used to delegate power, the term became formalised under Augustus as the officer in command of a Roman legion. From the times of the Roman Republic ...
Like military ranks, this subcategory includes officers that are by nature civilian but confer the authority to take military command, notably in times of war. Subcategories This category has only the following subcategory.
Centurion. A historical reenactor in Roman centurion costume. Note that the vambraces used in this reconstruction are an anachronism. In the Roman army during classical antiquity, a centurion (/ sɛnˈtjʊəriən /; Latin: centurio [kɛn̪ˈt̪ʊrioː], pl. centuriones; Greek: κεντυρίων, translit. kentyríōn, or Greek ...
The structural history of the Roman military concerns the major transformations in the organization and constitution of ancient Rome 's armed forces, "the most effective and long-lived military institution known to history." [1] At the highest level of structure, the forces were split into the Roman army and the Roman navy, although these two ...
Late Roman army. The West Roman army disintegrated AD 425–470, whilst the East Roman army continued until the Muslim conquests, after which the theme system was created. The Tetrarchs, a porphyry statue on Venice 's Basilica di San Marco, shows the emperor Diocletian and his three imperial colleagues.