Ads
related to: severe fluorosis dental
Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Dental fluorosis is a common [2] disorder, characterized by hypocalcification of tooth enamel caused by ingestion of excessive fluoride during enamel formation. [ 3 ] [ needs update ] It appears as a range of visual changes in enamel [ 4 ] causing degrees of intrinsic tooth discoloration , and, in some cases, physical damage to the teeth.
The only generally accepted adverse effect of fluoride at levels used for water fluoridation is dental fluorosis, which can alter the appearance of children's teeth during tooth development; this is mostly mild and usually only an aesthetic concern. Compared to unfluoridated water, fluoridation to 1 mg/L is estimated to cause fluorosis in one ...
Increased exposure of fluoride may lead to certain adverse side effects, including dental fluorosis and developmental neurotoxicity. [5] [6] Other rare side effects include skin rash and hypersensitivity reactions. [7] In severe cases, fluoride overdose may lead to acute toxicity. [6] [19] Dental fluorosis with white marks on teeth
Excessive ingestion by babies and children can result in severe dental fluorosis, indicated by a brown or yellow coloring, weakening and brittleness of the teeth, or in severe cases, acute toxicity. Fluoride therapy typically uses the sodium fluoride form, though stannous fluoride may also be used.
Mild fluorosis: mostly on the upper right central incisor Severe fluorosis: mottled enamel of an individual from a region with high levels of naturally occurring fluoride Fluorosis may occur when there is chronic and excessive exposure to fluoride during the years of tooth development.
In the US mild or very mild dental fluorosis has been reported in 20% of the population, moderate fluorosis in 2% and severe fluorosis in less than 1%. [61] The critical period of exposure is between ages one and four years, with the risk ending around age eight.
Dental fluorosis is the most common indication where it ranges in severity from mild to severe, microabrasion should be considered the first option in treating mild and moderate cases of fluorosis.
Dr. Dean's research on the fluoride-dental caries relationship, published in 1942, included 7,000 children from 21 cities in Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio. The study concluded that the optimal amount of fluoride which minimized the risk of severe fluorosis but had positive benefits for tooth decay was 1 mg per day, per adult.