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In the C++ programming language, input/output library refers to a family of class templates and supporting functions in the C++ Standard Library that implement stream-based input/output capabilities. [1] [2] It is an object-oriented alternative to C's FILE-based streams from the C standard library. [3] [4]
The C++ Standard Library is based upon conventions introduced by the Standard Template Library (STL), and has been influenced by research in generic programming and developers of the STL such as Alexander Stepanov and Meng Lee. [4] [5] Although the C++ Standard Library and the STL share many features, neither is a strict superset of the other.
The C programming language provides many standard library functions for file input and output.These functions make up the bulk of the C standard library header <stdio.h>. [1] The functionality descends from a "portable I/O package" written by Mike Lesk at Bell Labs in the early 1970s, [2] and officially became part of the Unix operating system in Version 7.
Apache C++ Standard Library (The starting point for this library was the 2005 version of the Rogue Wave standard library [15]) Libstdc++ uses code derived from SGI STL for the algorithms and containers defined in C++03. Dinkum STL library by P.J. Plauger; The Microsoft STL which ships with Visual C++ is a licensed derivative of Dinkum's STL.
The Bridge design pattern is one of the twenty-three well-known GoF design patterns that describe how to solve recurring design problems to design flexible and reusable object-oriented software, that is, objects that are easier to implement, change, test, and reuse.
In the case of an interactive shell, that is usually the text terminal which initiated the program. The file descriptor for standard output is 1 (one); the POSIX <unistd.h> definition is STDOUT_FILENO; the corresponding C <stdio.h> variable is FILE* stdout; similarly, the C++ <iostream> variable is std::cout.
In other cases a future and a promise are created together and associated with each other: the future is the value, the promise is the function that sets the value – essentially the return value (future) of an asynchronous function (promise). Setting the value of a future is also called resolving, fulfilling, or binding it.
He is most widely known as an author of the C++ Primer book, which is currently published as 5th edition. Lippman has also authored the book Inside the C++ Object Model. He worked with Bjarne Stroustrup at Bell Laboratories during early stages of C++ development. [2] In 2001, Lippman became an architect for Visual C++. [2]