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The substance, IUPAC name (29H,31H-phthalocyaninato(2−)-N29,N30,N31,N32)copper(II), is known by many names [2] such as monastral blue, phthalo blue, helio blue, [3] thalo blue, Winsor blue, [4] phthalocyanine blue, C.I. Pigment Blue 15:2, [5] [6] copper phthalocyanine blue, [7] copper tetrabenzoporphyrazine, [8] Cu-phthaloblue, [9] P.B.15.2, [10] [11] [12] C.I. 74160, [13] [14] [15] and ...
In 1907, an unidentified blue compound, now known to be phthalocyanine, was reported. [7] In 1927, Swiss researchers serendipitously discovered copper phthalocyanine, copper naphthalocyanine, and copper octamethylphthalocyanine in an attempted conversion of o-dibromobenzene into phthalonitrile.
Copper phthalocyanine ("phthalo blue") is a synthetic blue pigment frequently used in paints, inks, and dyes. It is highly valued for its superior properties such as light fastness, tinting strength, covering power and resistance to the effects of alkalis and acids. It has the appearance of a blue powder, insoluble in most solvents including ...
Viridian is a blue-green pigment, a hydrated chromium(III) oxide, of medium saturation and relatively dark in value. It is composed of a majority of green, followed by blue. The first recorded use of viridian as a color name in English was in the 1860s. [2] Viridian takes its name from the Latin viridis, meaning "green". [3]
In the early 20th century, Phthalo Blue, a synthetic metallo-organic pigment was prepared. At the same time, Royal Blue, another name once given to tints produced from lapis lazuli, has evolved to signify a much lighter and brighter color, and is usually mixed from Phthalo Blue and titanium dioxide, or from inexpensive synthetic blue dyes.
Phthalocyanine green is derived from phthalocyanine blue by chlorination in the presence of aluminium trichloride. The stoichiometry for the complete chlorination is shown: [1] Cu(C 32 H 16 N 8) + 16 Cl 2 → Cu(C 32 N 8 Cl 16) + 16 HCl. In practice, this pigment is a mixture of isomers and degrees of chlorination.
The word is derived from the Latin word caeruleus (Latin: [kae̯ˈru.le.us]), "dark blue, blue, or blue-green", which in turn probably derives from caerulum, diminutive of caelum, "heaven, sky". [2] "Cerulean blue" is the name of a blue-green pigment consisting of cobalt stannate (Co 2 SnO 4). The pigment was first synthesized in the late ...
Turquoise is an opaque, blue-to-green mineral that is a hydrous phosphate of copper and aluminium, with the chemical formula Cu Al 6 (PO 4) 4 8 ·4H 2 O.It is rare and valuable in finer grades and has been prized as a gemstone for millennia due to its hue.