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An infection is the invasion of tissues by pathogens, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agent and the toxins they produce. [1] An infectious disease, also known as a transmissible disease or communicable disease, is an illness resulting from an infection.
Diagram showing bacteria growing and forming into a biofilm on a surface. Colonisation or colonization is the spread and development of an organism in a new area or habitat. . Colonization comprises the physical arrival of a species in a new area, but also its successful establishment within the local communi
A colony of Brandt's cormorants in Point Lobos, California. In biology, a colony is composed of two or more conspecific individuals living in close association with, or connected to, one another.
colonization of a niche in the host (this includes movement towards and attachment to host cells) [1] [2] immunoevasion, evasion of the host's immune response [1] [2] [3] immunosuppression, inhibition of the host's immune response (this includes leukocidin-mediated cell death) [1] entry into and exit out of cells (if the pathogen is an ...
Colonization (British English: colonisation) is a process of establishing occupation of or control over foreign territories or peoples for the purpose of cultivation, exploitation, trade and possibly settlement, setting up coloniality and often colonies, commonly pursued and maintained by, but distinct from, imperialism, mercantilism, or colonialism.
Globalization, the flow of information, goods, capital, and people across political and geographic boundaries, allows infectious diseases to rapidly spread around the world, while also allowing the alleviation of factors such as hunger and poverty, which are key determinants of global health. [1]
The Columbian exchange, also known as the Columbian interchange, was the widespread transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the New World (the Americas) in the Western Hemisphere, and the Old World (Afro-Eurasia) in the Eastern Hemisphere, from the late 15th century on.
Colonialism's core meaning is the exploitation of the valuable assets and supplies of the nation that was conquered and the conquering nation then gaining the benefits from the spoils of the war. [139]: 170–75 The meaning of imperialism is to create an empire, by conquering the other state's lands and therefore increasing its own dominance ...