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The octane rating of gasoline is measured in a test engine and is defined by comparison with the mixture of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (iso-octane) and normal heptane that would have the same anti-knocking capability as the fuel under test. The percentage, by volume, of 2,2,4-trimethylpentane in that mixture is the octane number of the fuel.
The composition of a gasoline depends upon: the oil refinery that makes the gasoline, as not all refineries have the same set of processing units; the crude oil feed used by the refinery; the grade of gasoline sought (in particular, the octane rating). The various refinery streams blended to make gasoline have different characteristics.
85/87 87/89 91 Octane ratings in Eastern Idaho are 85/87/91 in Western Idaho the octane ratings are 87/89/91. Illinois: 87 [4] 89 91 93 is widely available in the Chicago area. Elsewhere in Illinois, 93 is offered at Shell and select other stations. Many fuel stations now offer an 88-octane fuel blend that is 15% ethanol, suitable for use in ...
Octane is a component of gasoline and petroleum. Under standard temperature and pressure, octane is an odorless, colorless liquid. Like other short-chained alkanes with a low molecular weight, it is volatile, flammable, and toxic. Octane is 1.2 to 2 times more toxic than heptane. [5]
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AKI is the octane rating used to grade all U.S. automotive gasoline (typical values at the pump can include 87, 89, 91, and 93), and also the 93UL fuel from Airworthy AutoGas. The minimum AKI of UL94, as sold by Swift Fuels, is 98.0.
Gasoline marketers agree when they sign on to Top Tier program that all their grades of gasoline meet these standards. [10] However, premium grade gasoline may have yet higher levels of detergent additives. [11] Typically, Top Tier gasoline will contain two to three times the amount of detergent additives currently required by the EPA. [12]
By 1936, tests at Wright Field using the new, cheaper alternatives to pure octane proved the value of 100 octane fuel, and both Shell and Standard Oil would win the contract to supply test quantities for the Army. By 1938, the price was down to $0.046 per liter ($0.175/U.S. gal), only $0.0066 ($0.025) more than 87 octane fuel.