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An inrush current limiter is a device or devices combination used to limit inrush current. Passive resistive components such as resistors (with power dissipation drawback), or negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistors are simple options while the positive one (PTC) is used to limit max current afterward as the circuit has been operating (with cool-down time drawback on both).
Speed: Devices must function quickly to reduce equipment damage and fault duration, with only very precise intentional time delays. Sensitivity: Devices must detect even the smallest value of faults and respond. Economy: Devices must provide maximum protection at minimum cost. Simplicity: Devices must minimize protection circuitry and equipment.
A fault current limiter (FCL), also known as fault current controller (FCC), [1] is a device which limits the prospective fault current when a fault occurs (e.g. in a power transmission network) without complete disconnection. The term includes superconducting, solid-state and inductive devices. [2]
Residual-current device (RCD), or residual-current circuit breaker (RCCB) — detects current imbalance, but does not provide over-current protection. In the United States and Canada, these are called ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCI). Residual-current circuit breaker with overcurrent protection — combines the functions of a RCD and a ...
In addition to the current limiting function, the device serves to filter out spikes of current [7] and may also reduce injection of harmonic currents into the power supply. The most common type is designed for three-phase electric power , in which three isolated inductors are each wired in series with one of the three line phases. [ 8 ]
A magnetic starter has a contactor and an overload relay, which will open the control voltage to the starter coil if it detects an overload on a motor. [1] [2] The overload relay opens a set of contacts that are wired in series with the supply to the contactor feeding the motor. The characteristics of the heaters can be matched to the motor so ...
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Power-system automation is the act of automatically controlling the power system via instrumentation and control devices.Substation automation refers to using data from Intelligent electronic devices (IED), control and automation capabilities within the substation, and control commands from remote users to control power-system devices.