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US Naval Observatory outside display of the master clock time. The U.S. Naval Observatory provides public time service via 26 NTP [33] servers on the public Internet, [36] and via telephone voice announcements: [37] +1 202 762-1401 (Washington, DC) +1 202 762-1069 (Washington, DC) +1 719 567-6742 (Colorado Springs, CO)
In the United States, the United States Naval Observatory provides the standard of time, called UTC(USNO), for the United States military and the Global Positioning System, [1] while the National Institute of Standards and Technology provides the standard of time for civil purposes in the United States, called UTC(NIST).
The other standard time and frequency reference for the U.S. Government is the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) master clock. The U.S. Naval Observatory also maintains an alternate clock designated "USNO Alternate Master Clock" at Schriever Space Force Base, Colorado. [2]
Telegraph signals were used regularly for time coordination by the United States Naval Observatory starting in 1865. [10] By the late 1800s, many U.S. observatories were selling accurate time by offering a regional time signal service. [11] Sandford Fleming proposed a single 24-hour clock for the entire world.
Some types, such as the Synchronome, had optional extra mechanisms to compare the time of the clock with a national time service that distributed time signals from astronomical regulator clocks in a country's naval observatory by telegraph wire. An example is the GPO time service in Britain which distributed signals from the Greenwich Observatory.
Gernot Maria Rudolph Winkler (October 17, 1922 – April 30, 2016) was responsible for the Time Service Department of the United States Naval Observatory (USNO) from 1966 to 1996. [1] Winkler oversaw the introduction of caesium beam-based Coordinated Universal Time based on hyperfine transitions and an internationally transportable "flying clock".
The United States Naval Observatory was established in Washington, D.C., and the first American time ball went into service in 1845. [2] Time balls were usually dropped at 1 p.m. (although in the United States they were dropped at noon). They were raised half way about 5 minutes earlier to alert the ships, then with 2–3 minutes to go they ...
The Time Service Building at the US Naval Observatory is named The Simon Newcomb Laboratory. The U.S. Navy minesweeper Simon Newcomb (YMS 263) was launched in 1942, served in the Pacific Theater during World War II, and was decommissioned in 1949.