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A fire pump usually refers to a pressure-increasing component of the water supply for fixed-place fire suppression systems such as fire sprinklers, standpipes, and foam systems. Fire pumps are also a critical component integrated into fire trucks and fire boats, and serve a similar purpose boosting water supplies for firefighting hose operations.
Multi-story buildings equipped with fire sprinkler systems may require a large booster pump to deliver sufficient water pressure and volume to upper floors in the event of a fire. Such pumps are often powered by a diesel engine dedicated to this purpose.
The user (most likely a fire department) attaches a hose to the fire hydrant, then opens a valve on the hydrant to provide a powerful flow of water, on the order of 350 kilopascals (51 psi); this pressure varies according to region and depends on various factors (including the size and location of the attached water main).
Typically the 200 psi inlet water pressure is reduced to 95 psi discharge pressure as a result of the narrowness of the venturi in the eductor device. Ejector See Smoke ejector. Ejector pump Pumps that use the venturi principle to pump water on a fire ground. Can be used for salvage by removing flood waters or supply water to a fire appliance ...
Indoor fire hose with a fire extinguisher. A fire hose (or firehose) is a high-pressure hose that carries water or other fire retardant (such as foam) to a fire to extinguish it. Outdoors, it attaches either to a fire engine, fire hydrant, or a portable fire pump. [1] Indoors, it can permanently attach to a building's standpipe or plumbing system.
With dual water supplies addresses pressure problems that arise from switching water sources that are significantly different from each other by, for example, running the motor as low as 1/2 speed for one source, and full speed for the other. This gives a 4 to 1 range of operating pump pressures. For addressing water hammer see 'Smooth Starting ...
In some systems, firefighters have the option of pumping a Fire Department Connection (FDC) which will increase the water pressure at a standpipe in the event of a fire pump failure or loss of pressure. Typically, these systems pressurize the sprinkler system or the standpipe but not both at the same time.
High service pumping of finished water at high pressure; Distributed system booster without a storage tank in the piping system; Water pumping stations are constructed in areas in which the demand or projected demand is reasonably defined, and is dependent on a combination of customer needs and fire flow requirements.