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  2. Waveguide (optics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waveguide_(optics)

    This mechanism can be used to trap light in a waveguide. d. This is the basic principle behind fiber optics in which light is guided along a high index glass core in a lower index glass cladding. The basic principles behind optical waveguides can be described using the concepts of geometrical or ray optics, as illustrated in the diagram.

  3. Waveguide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waveguide

    A waveguide is a structure that guides waves by restricting the transmission of energy to one direction. Common types of waveguides include acoustic waveguides which direct sound, optical waveguides which direct light, and radio-frequency waveguides which direct electromagnetic waves other than light like radio waves.

  4. Beam propagation method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beam_propagation_method

    Both spatial domain methods, and frequency (spectral) domain methods are available for the numerical solution of the discretized master equation. Upon discretization into a grid, (using various centralized difference, Crank–Nicolson method, FFT-BPM etc.) and field values rearranged in a causal fashion, the field evolution is computed through iteration, along the propagation direction.

  5. Slot-waveguide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slot-waveguide

    A slot-waveguide is an optical waveguide that guides strongly confined light in a subwavelength-scale low refractive index region by total internal reflection.. A slot-waveguide consists of two strips or slabs of high-refractive-index (n H) materials separated by a subwavelength-scale low-refractive-index (n S) slot region and surrounded by low-refractive-index (n C) cladding materials.

  6. Distributed Bragg reflector - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_Bragg_reflector

    Time-resolved simulation of a pulse reflecting from a Bragg mirror. A distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) is a reflector used in waveguides, such as optical fibers.It is a structure formed from multiple layers of alternating materials with different refractive index, or by periodic variation of some characteristic (such as height) of a dielectric waveguide, resulting in periodic variation in the ...

  7. Whispering-gallery wave - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whispering-gallery_wave

    Optical modes in a whispering gallery resonator experience some loss due to a mechanism similar to quantum tunneling, even in theoretically ideal conditions. This loss has been known from research on optical waveguide theory and is dubbed tunneling ray attenuation in the field of fiber optics. [29]

  8. Coupled mode theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coupled_Mode_Theory

    Coupled mode theory first arose in the 1950s in the works of Miller on microwave transmission lines, [1] Pierce on electron beams, [2] and Gould on backward wave oscillators. [3] This put in place the mathematical foundations for the modern formulation expressed by H. A. Haus et al. for optical waveguides. [4] [5]

  9. Multi mode interferometer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi_mode_interferometer

    A multi-mode interferometer (MMI), also known as a multimode interference coupler, is a micro-scale structure in which light waves can travel, such that the optical power is split or combined in a predictable way. In an MMI, light is confined and guided, and thus the MMI is essentially a broad optical waveguide.