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  2. Range of motion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Range_of_motion

    Range of motion (or ROM) is the linear or angular distance that a moving object may normally travel while properly attached to another. In biomechanics and strength training , ROM refers to the angular distance and direction a joint can move between the flexed position and the extended position. [ 1 ]

  3. Shoulder examination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoulder_examination

    Evaluation of passive and active range of motion: Neck range of motion should be assessed that may reveal a neck source of shoulder pain. The Apley scratch test specifically tests range of motion and in a normal exam, an individual should be able to reach C7 on external rotation, and T7 on internal rotation. Evaluation of distal pulses

  4. List of movements of the human body - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_movements_of_the...

    Pronation is the motion of the inner and outer ball of the foot with the heel bone. [13] One is said to be " knock-kneed " if one has overly pronated feet. It flattens the arch as the foot strikes the ground in order to absorb shock when the heel hits the ground, and to assist in balance during mid-stance.

  5. List of internal rotators of the human body - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_internal_rotators...

    The muscles of internal rotation include: of arm/humerus at shoulder. Anterior part of the deltoid muscle [1] Subscapularis [1] Teres major [1] Latissimus dorsi [1] Pectoralis major [1] of thigh/femur at hip [2] Tensor fasciae latae; Gluteus generalis; Anterior fibers of Gluteus meralis; Adductor longus and Adductor brevis; of leg at knee [3 ...

  6. Anatomical terms of motion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_motion

    Internal rotation (medial rotation or intorsion) is rotation towards the axis of the body, [22] carried out by internal rotators. External rotation (lateral rotation or extorsion) is rotation away from the center of the body, [22] carried out by external rotators. Internal and external rotators make up the rotator cuff, a group of muscles that ...

  7. Obligatory synergies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obligatory_synergies

    The extension synergy for the upper extremity includes scapular protraction, shoulder adduction and internal rotation, elbow extension, forearm pronation, and wrist and finger flexion. [ 1 ] The flexion synergy for the lower extremity includes hip flexion, abduction and external rotation, knee flexion, ankle dorsiflexion and inversion and toe ...

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  9. Range of motion (exercise machine) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Range_of_Motion_(exercise...

    When passive range of motion is applied, the joint of an individual receiving exercise is completely relaxed. At the same time, the outside force moves the body part, such as a leg or arm, throughout the available range. Injury, surgery, or immobilization of a joint may affect the normal joint range of motion. [7] Active range of motion is the ...