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Windows Media Audio Lossless (WMA Lossless) is a lossless audio codec that competes with ATRAC Advanced Lossless, Dolby TrueHD, DTS-HD Master Audio, Shorten, Monkey's Audio, FLAC, Apple Lossless, and WavPack (Since late 2011, [37] [38] [39] the last three have the advantage of being open source software and available for nearly any operating ...
Lossless: 2001-07 Open source Yes Yes No Yes Yes No No No No ALAC: Lossless: 2004-04 Open source Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No WMA Lossless: Lossless: 2003-01 Proprietary [96] ACM [d] No No Yes Yes No No No No DTS-HD: Lossless: 2011-08 Proprietary: Yes Yes [45] Yes No No No No No No Dolby TrueHD: Lossless: 2006-04 Proprietary: Mature [ζ] Yes ...
TTA – Lossless compression; WavPack – Hybrid lossy/lossless; Bonk – Hybrid lossy/lossless; supported by fre:ac (formerly BonkEnc) Apple Lossless – Lossless compression (MP4) Fraunhofer FDK AAC – Lossy compression (AAC) FFmpeg codecs in the libavcodec library, e.g. AC-3, AAC, ADPCM, PCM, Apple Lossless, FLAC, WMA, Vorbis, MP2, etc.
The 'Music' category is merely a guideline on commercialized uses of a particular format, not a technical assessment of its capabilities. For example, MP3 and AAC dominate the personal audio market in terms of market share, though many other formats are comparably well suited to fill this role from a purely technical standpoint.
A lossless audio coding format reduces the total data needed to represent a sound but can be de-coded to its original, uncompressed form. A lossy audio coding format additionally reduces the bit resolution of the sound on top of compression, which results in far less data at the cost of irretrievably lost information.
In a lossless compressed format, however, the music would occupy a smaller file than an uncompressed format and the silence would take up almost no space at all. Lossless compression formats include FLAC, WavPack, Monkey's Audio, ALAC (Apple Lossless). They provide a compression ratio of about 2:1 (i.e. their files take up half the space of PCM).
Linear pulse-code modulation (LPCM, generally only described as PCM) is the format for uncompressed audio in media files and it is also the standard for CD-DA; note that in computers, LPCM is usually stored in container formats such as WAV, AIFF, or AU, or as raw audio format, although not technically necessary.
While data reduction (compression, be it lossy or lossless) is a main goal of transform coding, it also allows other goals: one may represent data more accurately for the original amount of space [5] – for example, in principle, if one starts with an analog or high-resolution digital master, an MP3 file of a given size should provide a better ...