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  2. Glycemic load - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycemic_load

    A food with a GI of 90 and 8 g of available carbohydrates has a GL of 7.2 (8 × 90/100=7.2), while a food with a GI of just 6 and with 120 g of carbohydrate also has a GL of 7.2 (120 × 6/100=7.2). For one serving of a food, a GL of 20 or greater is considered high, a GL of 11–19 is considered medium, and a GL of 10 or less is considered low.

  3. Carbohydrate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbohydrate

    Lactose is a disaccharide found in animal milk. It consists of a molecule of D-galactose and a molecule of D-glucose bonded by beta-1-4 glycosidic linkage.. A carbohydrate (/ ˌ k ɑːr b oʊ ˈ h aɪ d r eɪ t /) is a biomolecule consisting of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms, usually with a hydrogen–oxygen atom ratio of 2:1 (as in water) and thus with the empirical formula C m ...

  4. Carbohydrate metabolism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbohydrate_metabolism

    Carbohydrate metabolism is the whole of the biochemical processes responsible for the metabolic formation, breakdown, and interconversion of carbohydrates in living organisms. Carbohydrates are central to many essential metabolic pathways . [ 1 ]

  5. Food - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food

    Food is mainly composed of water, lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. Minerals (e.g., salts) and organic substances (e.g., vitamins) can also be found in food. [4] Plants, algae, and some microorganisms use photosynthesis to make some of their own nutrients. [5] Water is found in many foods and has been defined as a food by itself. [6]

  6. Glycosaminoglycan - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycosaminoglycan

    Glycosaminoglycans vary greatly in molecular mass, disaccharide structure, and sulfation.This is because GAG synthesis is not template driven, as are proteins or nucleic acids, but constantly altered by processing enzymes.

  7. Biochemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biochemistry

    A reducing end of a carbohydrate is a carbon atom that can be in equilibrium with the open-chain aldehyde or keto form . If the joining of monomers takes place at such a carbon atom, the free hydroxy group of the pyranose or furanose form is exchanged with an OH-side-chain of another sugar, yielding a full acetal. This prevents opening of the ...

  8. Entner–Doudoroff pathway - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entner–Doudoroff_pathway

    The G6P is then converted to 6-phosphogluconolactone in the presence of enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (an oxido-reductase) with the presence of co-enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP +). which will be reduced to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen along with a free hydrogen atom H +.

  9. Inborn errors of carbohydrate metabolism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inborn_errors_of...

    These carbohydrates are composed of three principal monosaccharides: glucose, fructose and galactose; in addition glycogen is the storage form of carbohydrates in humans. The failure to effectively use these molecules accounts for the majority of the inborn errors of human carbohydrates metabolism.