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The theory of constraints (TOC) is a management paradigm that views any manageable system as being limited in achieving more of its goals by a very small number of constraints. There is always at least one constraint, and TOC uses a focusing process to identify the constraint and restructure the rest of the organization around it.
Eliyahu Moshe Goldratt (March 31, 1947 – June 11, 2011) was an Israeli business management guru. [1] [2] He was the originator of the Optimized Production Technique, the Theory of Constraints (TOC), the Thinking Processes, Drum-Buffer-Rope, Critical Chain Project Management (CCPM) and other TOC derived tools.
Project management is the process of supervising the work of a team to achieve all project goals within the given constraints. [1] This information is usually described in project documentation, created at the beginning of the development process. The primary constraints are scope, time and budget. [2]
The triple constraints represent a minimum number of project success criteria which are not adequate by themselves. Thus, a number of studies have been carried out to define and expand the various criteria of project success based on the theory of change which is the basic input-process-output chain.
Applying the Theory of Constraints to project management; The goal of the book is the last point, but Goldratt makes it clear that educational systems must change to better accommodate the quickly changing world of business. The book walks the reader through a series of steps to establish the principles for the discussion.
Constraints accounting, which is a development in the Throughput Accounting field, emphasizes the role of the constraint, (referred to as the Archemedian constraint) in decision making. [7] Goldratt's alternative begins with the idea that each organization has a goal and that better decisions increase its value.
Some project managers feel that the earned value management technique is misleading, because it does not distinguish progress on the project constraint (i.e., on the critical chain) from progress on non-constraints (i.e., on other paths). Event chain methodology can determine the size of the project, feeding, and resource buffers.
Organizational theory also seeks to explain how interrelated units of organization either connect or do not connect with each other. Organizational theory also concerns understanding how groups of individuals behave, which may differ from the behavior of an individual. The behavior organizational theory often focuses on is goal-directed.