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Boron is added to boron steels at the level of a few parts per million to increase hardenability. Higher percentages are added to steels used in the nuclear industry due to boron's neutron absorption ability. [citation needed] Boron can also increase the surface hardness of steels and alloys through boriding.
Amorphous powder boron and polycrystalline β-rhombohedral boron are the most common forms. The latter allotrope is a very hard [ n 1 ] grey material, about ten percent lighter than aluminium and with a melting point (2080 °C) several hundred degrees higher than that of steel.
The boron group are the chemical elements in group 13 of the periodic table, consisting of boron (B), ... meaning bitter salt, or the Latin alum, the mineral. [36]
Boron can also be created directly. The beryllium and boron are brought down to the ground by rain. [1] See Cosmogenic nuclide for a list of nuclides produced by cosmic ray spallation. The x-process in cosmic rays is the primary means of nucleosynthesis for the five stable isotopes of lithium, beryllium, and boron. [2]
41 of the 118 known elements have names associated with, or specifically named for, places around the world or among astronomical objects. 32 of these have names tied to the places on Earth, and the other nine are named after to Solar System objects: helium for the Sun; tellurium for the Earth; selenium for the Moon; mercury (indirectly), uranium, neptunium and plutonium after their respective ...
The Boron name was used outside of Ohio in neighboring states, like Michigan, Pennsylvania, Kentucky and West Virginia. Boron was also the branding of its premium grade gasoline along with its regular grade fuel "Extron" (formerly "Ex-tane" later "Octron") and its unleaded version "Cetron" introduced in 1970. [citation needed]
A chemical element is a chemical substance whose atoms all have the same number of protons.The number of protons is called the atomic number of that element. For example, oxygen has an atomic number of 8, meaning each oxygen atom has 8 protons in its nucleus.
Boron (5 B) naturally occurs as isotopes 10 B and 11 B, the latter of which makes up about 80% of natural boron. There are 13 radioisotopes that have been discovered, with mass numbers from 7 to 21, all with short half-lives, the longest being that of 8 B, with a half-life of only 771.9(9) ms and 12 B with a half-life of 20.20(2) ms.