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  2. Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-Monitoring,_Analysis...

    A tally of spindle start/stop cycles. The spindle turns on, and hence the count is increased, both when the hard disk is turned on after having before been turned entirely off (disconnected from power source) and when the hard disk returns from having previously been put to sleep mode. [35] 05 0x05: Reallocated Sectors Count

  3. Device configuration overlay - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_configuration_overlay

    To determine the actual size and features of a disk, the DEVICE_­CONFIGURATION_­IDENTIFY command is used, and the output of this command can be compared to the output of IDENTIFY_­DEVICE to see if a DCO is present on a given hard drive. Most major tools will remove the DCO in order to fully image a hard drive, using the DEVICE ...

  4. Comparison of S.M.A.R.T. tools - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_S.M.A.R.T._tools

    LiveCDs are available for download, allowing the user to use GNOME Disks without any changes to the computer. smartmontools [7] Windows, Unix-like (Linux, macOS, BSD, etc.) GNU GPL v2 CLI and GUI (via GSmartControl and HDD Guardian) All for Linux, some for other Unix-like See list of supported devices; [8] SAT driver required on macOS only [9]

  5. Hard disk drive failure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_disk_drive_failure

    A hard disk drive failure occurs when a hard disk drive malfunctions and the stored information cannot be accessed with a properly configured computer. A hard disk failure may occur in the course of normal operation, or due to an external factor such as exposure to fire or water or high magnetic fields , or suffering a sharp impact or ...

  6. Sector slipping - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sector_slipping

    Sector slipping is a technique used to deal with defective sectors in hard disk drives. Due to the volatility of hard disks from their moving parts and low tolerances, some sectors become defective. Defective sectors can even come on hard disks from the factory, so most disks incorporate a bad-block recovery system to help cope with these issues.

  7. Partition alignment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partition_alignment

    4 KB sector alignment with hard disk drives supporting Advanced Format (AF) Track partition alignment, partitions starting on track boundaries on hard disk drives; Cylinder partition alignment, partitions starting on logical or physical cylinder boundaries on hard disk drives

  8. Bad sector - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bad_sector

    Hard disk reader. A bad sector in computing is a disk sector on a disk storage unit that is unreadable. Upon taking damage, all information stored on that sector is lost. When a bad sector is found and marked, the operating system like Windows or Linux will skip it in the future. Bad sectors are a threat to information security in the sense of ...

  9. Internal hard drive defect management - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_hard_drive_defect...

    Internal hard drive defect management is a system present in hard drives for handling of bad sectors.The systems are generally proprietary and vary from manufacturer to manufacturer, but typically consist of a "P" (for "permanent" or "primary") list of bad sectors detected in the manufacturing stage and a "G" (for "growth") list of bad sectors that crop up after manufacturing. [1]