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The evolution of cetaceans is thought to have begun in the Indian subcontinent from even-toed ungulates (Artiodactyla) 50 million years ago (mya) and to have proceeded over a period of at least 15 million years. [2] Cetaceans are fully aquatic mammals belonging to the order Artiodactyla and branched off from other artiodactyls around 50 mya.
The four summarized Artiodactyla taxa are divided into ten extant families: [26] The camelids ( Tylopoda ) comprise only one family, Camelidae . It is a species-poor artiodactyl suborder of North American origin [ 27 ] that is well adapted to extreme habitats—the dromedary and Bactrian camels in the Old World deserts and the guanacos , llamas ...
Entelodontidae is an extinct family of pig-like artiodactyls (even-toed ungulates) which inhabited the Northern Hemisphere (Asia, Europe, and North America) from the late Eocene [1] to the early Miocene epochs, about 38-19 million years ago.
Anoplotherium commune skull, National Museum of Natural History, France. The research history of Anoplotherium spans back to 1804 when Georges Cuvier first described the fossils of this extinct artiodactyl and named the genus after describing Palaeotherium, making it one of the first fossil mammal genera to be described as well as having one of the earliest official taxonomic authorities.
The order Artiodactyla consists of 349 extant species belonging to 132 genera. This does not include hybrid species or extinct prehistoric species. Modern molecular studies indicate that the 132 genera can be grouped into 23 families; these families are grouped into named suborders and many are further grouped into named clades, and some of these families are subdivided into named subfamilies.
Andrewsarchus (/ ˌ æ n d r uː ˈ s ɑːr k ə s /), meaning "Andrews' ruler", is an extinct genus of artiodactyl that lived during the Middle Eocene in what is now China. The genus was first described by Henry Fairfield Osborn in 1924 with the type species A. mongoliensis based on a largely complete cranium.
This category contains articles about extinct and prehistoric members of the order Artiodactyla, the even-toed ungulates Wikimedia Commons has media related to Extinct Artiodactyla . Subcategories
Anthracotheriidae is a paraphyletic family of extinct, hippopotamus-like artiodactyl ungulates related to hippopotamuses and whales.The oldest genus, Elomeryx, first appeared during the middle Eocene in Asia.