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The evolution of cetaceans is thought to have begun in the Indian subcontinent from even-toed ungulates (Artiodactyla) 50 million years ago (mya) and to have proceeded over a period of at least 15 million years. [2] Cetaceans are fully aquatic mammals belonging to the order Artiodactyla and branched off from other artiodactyls around 50 mya.
Anoplotherium commune skull, National Museum of Natural History, France. The research history of Anoplotherium spans back to 1804 when Georges Cuvier first described the fossils of this extinct artiodactyl and named the genus after describing Palaeotherium, making it one of the first fossil mammal genera to be described as well as having one of the earliest official taxonomic authorities.
The four summarized Artiodactyla taxa are divided into ten extant families: [26] The camelids ( Tylopoda ) comprise only one family, Camelidae . It is a species-poor artiodactyl suborder of North American origin [ 27 ] that is well adapted to extreme habitats—the dromedary and Bactrian camels in the Old World deserts and the guanacos , llamas ...
This category contains articles about extinct and prehistoric members of the order Artiodactyla, the even-toed ungulates
The order Artiodactyla consists of 349 extant species belonging to 132 genera. This does not include hybrid species or extinct prehistoric species. Modern molecular studies indicate that the 132 genera can be grouped into 23 families; these families are grouped into named suborders and many are further grouped into named clades, and some of these families are subdivided into named subfamilies.
The dominant theory is the one that postulates an extinction by human causes. Traditional methods had dated the first human colonization of the Balearic Islands towards 5000 BC or even before, but subsequent tests with modern methods of dating clearly indicate that there was no human presence before 3000 BC.
The extinction status of the ivory-billed woodpecker is still up for debate, as ornithologists are mixed on the bird’s existence. A new study claims to have documented the presence of birds with ...
Artiocetus fossils represent intermediate forms between land-living ungulates and whales, lending support to the theory that whales and hippopotami descended from a common ancestor. The discovery of this fossil is important as it helped solidify the theory that whales shared a common ancestor with Artiodactyla.