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Spectral graph theory is the branch of graph theory that uses spectra to analyze graphs. See also spectral expansion. split 1. A split graph is a graph whose vertices can be partitioned into a clique and an independent set. A related class of graphs, the double split graphs, are used in the proof of the strong perfect graph theorem.
The different types of edge in a bidirected graph. In the mathematical domain of graph theory, a bidirected graph (introduced by Edmonds & Johnson 1970) [1] is a graph in which each edge is given an independent orientation (or direction, or arrow) at each end. Thus, there are three kinds of bidirected edges: those where the arrows point outward ...
In mathematics and computer science, graph theory is the study of graphs, which are mathematical structures used to model pairwise relations between objects.
A graph with three vertices and three edges. A graph (sometimes called an undirected graph to distinguish it from a directed graph, or a simple graph to distinguish it from a multigraph) [4] [5] is a pair G = (V, E), where V is a set whose elements are called vertices (singular: vertex), and E is a set of unordered pairs {,} of vertices, whose elements are called edges (sometimes links or lines).
Every flag complex is a clique complex: given a flag complex, define a graph G on the set of all vertices, where two vertices u,v are adjacent in G iff {u,v} is in the complex (this graph is called the 1-skeleton of the complex). By definition of a flag complex, every set of vertices that are pairwise-connected, is in the complex.
Example distribution with positive skewness. These data are from experiments on wheat grass growth. In probability theory and statistics, skewness is a measure of the asymmetry of the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable about its mean.
A maximum clique transversal of a graph is a subset of vertices with the property that each maximum clique of the graph contains at least one vertex in the subset. [2] The opposite of a clique is an independent set, in the sense that every clique corresponds to an independent set in the complement graph.
Several graph-theoretic concepts are related to each other via complementation: The complement of an edgeless graph is a complete graph and vice versa. Any induced subgraph of the complement graph of a graph G is the complement of the corresponding induced subgraph in G. An independent set in a graph is a clique in the complement graph and vice ...