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Argyll Robertson pupils were named after Douglas Argyll Robertson (1837–1909), a Scottish ophthalmologist and surgeon who described the condition in the mid-1860s in the context of neurosyphilis. In the early 20th century, William John Adie described a second type of pupil that could "accommodate but not react".
The infection of the heart, muscles, and vessels in the body can lead to meningovascular syphilis. Generally, rashes may start developing on the hands and soles of the feet, and it can spread to various parts of skin on the body. Other symptoms may include sore throat, headache, joint pain, fever, and patches of hair loss.
Signs and symptoms may not appear for decades after the initial infection and include weakness, diminished reflexes, paresthesias (shooting and burning pains, pricking sensations, and formication), hypoesthesias (abnormally diminished sense of touch), tabetic gait (locomotor ataxia), progressive degeneration of the joints, loss of coordination, episodes of intense pain and disturbed sensation ...
Argyll Robertson pupils, a clinical feature of neurosyphilis, are characterized by pupils that do not react to light but have an intact accommodation reflex. Another late form of neurosyphilis is general paresis, which is a slow degenerative process of the brain. Neuropsychiatric symptoms might appear due to overall damage to the brain.
Also called Argyll Robertson pupil. Etiology. Iridoplegia has been reported in association with Guillain-Barré syndrome. [2] References This page ...
Depending on severity, different symptoms may appear during the swinging flash light test: Mild RAPD initially presents as a weak pupil constriction, after which dilation occurs. When RAPD is moderate, pupil size initially remains same, after which it dilates. When RAPD is severe, the pupil dilates quickly.
As the disease progresses, mental deterioration and personality changes occur. Typical symptoms include loss of social inhibitions, asocial behavior, gradual impairment of judgment, concentration and short-term memory, euphoria, mania, depression, or apathy. Subtle shivering, minor defects in speech and Argyll Robertson pupil may become noticeable.
Parinaud's syndrome is a cluster of abnormalities of eye movement and pupil dysfunction, characterized by: Paralysis of upwards gaze: Downward gaze is usually preserved. This vertical palsy is supranuclear , so doll's head maneuver should elevate the eyes, but eventually all upward gaze mechanisms fail.