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Nitric acid is an inorganic compound with the formula H N O 3. ... The main industrial use of nitric acid is for the production of fertilizers.
The Ostwald process is a chemical process used for making nitric acid (HNO 3). [1] The Ostwald process is a mainstay of the modern chemical industry, and it provides the main raw material for the most common type of fertilizer production. [2]
The nitric acid process produces nitric acid for use in making ammonium nitrate fertiliser. Using the Ostwald process, ammonia is vaporised and then oxidised over a 95% platinum and 5% rhodium catalyst at 930 °C (1,710 °F) and 6.5 bar (650 kPa) to form nitric oxide and superheated steam. The reaction gases are cooled to 38 °C (100 °F ...
Ammonium nitrate is an important fertilizer with NPK rating 34-0-0 (34% nitrogen). [17] It is less concentrated than urea (46-0-0), giving ammonium nitrate a slight transportation disadvantage. Ammonium nitrate's advantage over urea is that it is more stable and does not rapidly lose nitrogen to the atmosphere.
This process was used to fix atmospheric nitrogen (N 2) into nitric acid (HNO 3), one of several chemical processes called nitrogen fixation. The resultant nitric acid was then used as a source of nitrate (NO 3 −). A factory based on the process was built in Rjukan and Notodden in Norway and large hydroelectric power facilities were built. [13]
The nitrophosphate process (also known as the Odda process) is a method for the industrial production of nitrogen fertilizers invented by Erling Johnson in the municipality of Odda, Norway around 1927. The process involves acidifying phosphate rock with dilute nitric acid to produce a mixture of phosphoric acid and calcium nitrate.