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The song was originally composed in Bengali by India's first Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore on 11 December 1911. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] [ 13 ] The parent song, ' Bharoto Bhagyo Bidhata ' is a Brahmo hymn that has five verses and only the first verse has been adopted as the national anthem.
Jana Gana Mana is a music video produced in 2000 featuring a number of prominent Indian musicians and singers performing the Indian national anthem "Jana Gana Mana."The video was released on 26 January 2000 to mark the 50th year of the Constitution of India and the Republic Day.
On 24 January 1950, the Constituent Assembly of India adopted Vande Mataram as the Republic's national song. President of India Rajendra Prasad stated that the song should be honoured equally with the national anthem of India, Jana Gana Mana. [19]
The song commemorates Indian soldiers who were killed in action during the Sino-Indian War in 1962. The song was first performed live two months after the war by Mangeshkar on Republic Day (26 January) 1963 at the National Stadium in New Delhi in the presence of President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan and Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru.
The song is popular in India in schools as a patriotic song, sung during morning assemblies, and as a marching song for the Indian armed forces, played during public events and parades. [2] It is played by the Armed forces Massed Bands each year for the Indian Independence Day, Republic Day and at the culmination of Beating the Retreat. [14]
Indian military bands play an active role in the annual Delhi Republic Day parade on the Rajpath. It is the largest and central of the parades marking the Republic Day celebrations in India. The bands of nine to twelve different Army regiments, as well as bands from the Navy and the Air Force march in the parade.
Since 1950, India has been hosting head of state or government of another country as the state guest of honor for Republic Day celebrations in New Delhi.During 1950–1954, Republic Day celebrations were organized at different venues (like Irwin Amphitheatre, Kingsway, Red Fort and Ramlila Maidan).
The guest country is often chosen on the basis of strategic, economic and political interests. French President Emmanuel Macron was the chief guest at the celebrations that marked India's 75th Republic Day. [17] [18] In 2025, Indonesian president Prawobo Subianto is the chief guest of the Republic day. [citation needed]