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The Alhambra (/ æ l ˈ h æ m b r ə /, Spanish:; Arabic: الْحَمْرَاء, romanized: al-ḥamrāʼ ) is a palace and fortress complex located in Granada, Spain.It is one of the most famous monuments of Islamic architecture and one of the best-preserved palaces of the historic Islamic world.
The Alcazaba (Spanish: [alkaˈθaβa, alkaˈsaβa]; from Arabic: القَصَبَة, romanized: al-qaṣabah, pronounced [alˈqasˤaba]; lit. ' citadel ') is a palatial fortification in Málaga, Spain, built during the period of Muslim-ruled Al-Andalus.
Moorish Castle; Gormaz. Castle of Gormaz: 10th-century castle, with later modifications [11] Granada. Alhambra. Alcazaba: the main fortress of the Alhambra; Mexuar: one of the palaces partially preserved today; Comares Palace: one of the palaces preserved today; Palace of the Lions: one of the palaces preserved today
In Muslim Spain many castle-palaces were built: ... Castle of the Moors (Luzón), near Luzón; ... Councils of Culture of the Junta de Andalucía [5] Province
The former Moorish palace-citadel was taken over by the Castilian monarchs and underwent significant reconstruction and modification, such that most of the Islamic-era structure has since disappeared. [12] A Gothic-style palace was built on the site in 1258 for Alfonso X (Ferdinand's successor). [3]
The name "Palace of the Lions" or "Court of the Lions" is a modern designation given to the palace, based on the notable lion sculptures around the central fountain. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] Due to limited historical documentation, the palace's original name during the Nasrid period cannot be confirmed for certain. [ 7 ]
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During the first Taifas period in the 11th century Granada became the center of a local Zirid kingdom whose rulers lived in a citadel and palace on the Albaicín hill known as the al-Qaṣaba al-Qadīma ("Old Citadel" or "Old Palace"). [3] [4] It was connected to two other fortresses on the Sabika and Mauror hills to the south. [4]