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Healthy city is a term used in public health and urban design to stress the impact of policy on human health. It is a municipality that continually improves on a physical and a social level until environmental and pathological conditions are reached establishing an acceptable morbidity rate for the population. [1]
Healthy community design is planning and designing communities that make it easier for people to live healthy lives. [1] Healthy community design offers important benefits: [ citation needed ] Decreases dependence on the automobile by building homes, businesses, schools, churches and parks closer to each other so that people can more easily ...
Hull House, Chicago. Settlement and community houses in the United States were a vital part of the settlement movement, a progressive social movement that began in the mid-19th century in London with the intention of improving the quality of life in poor urban areas through education initiatives, food and shelter provisions, and assimilation and naturalization assistance.
A study of the social determinants of children's health in urban settings in India looked at data from India's National Family Health Survey and found that even within poor urban areas, caste status, religion, and sex are major factors which determine family employment and education level, factors which in turn affect access to sanitation and ...
Since that time, significant research and practice worldwide has broadened the term considerably to include social, economic, welfare and public health factors, among others, to the environmental and physical factors in the Farr book; thus taking it beyond an urban design field into all of urban planning, policy and development. [8]
Urban design is an approach to the design of buildings and the spaces between them that focuses on specific design processes and outcomes. In addition to designing and shaping the physical features of towns, cities , and regional spaces, urban design considers 'bigger picture' issues of economic, social and environmental value and social design.
Odegaard, CE (1979). Area health education centers: the pioneering years 1972-1978. Carnegie Council on Policy Studies in Higher Education, ISBN 0-931050-15-4; Reynolds PP (2008). A Legislative History of Federal Assistance for Health Professions Training in Primary Care Medicine and Dentistry in the United States, 1963–2008. Academic ...
The 1978 World Health Organization (WHO) declaration at Alma-Ata was the first formal acknowledgment of the importance of intersectoral action for health. [5] The spirit of Alma-Ata was carried forward in the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion (adopted in Ottawa in 1986), which discussed "healthy public policies" as a key area for health promotion.