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[61] [62] Carthage's growing wealth and power, along with the foreign subjugation of the Phoenician homeland, led to its supplanting of Sidon as the supreme Phoenician city state. [63] Carthage's empire was largely informal and multifaceted, consisting of varying levels of control exercised in equally variable ways.
Greek cities contested with Carthage for the Western Mediterranean culminating in the Sicilian Wars and the Pyrrhic War over Sicily, while the Romans fought three wars against Carthage, known as the Punic Wars, [74] [75] from the Latin "Punicus" meaning "Phoenician", as Carthage was a Phoenician colony grown into an empire.
The Phoenician colonial system was motivated by economic opportunity, not expansionist ideology, and as such, the Phoenicians lacked the numbers or even the desire to establish an "empire" overseas. The colonies were therefore independent city-states, though most were relatively small, probably having a population of less than 1,000.
The end of the Carthaginian Empire came after the destruction of Carthage in 146 BC, which occurred at the end of the Third Punic War, the final conflict between Carthage and Rome. [8] This took place about 50 years after the end of the Carthaginian presence in Iberia, and the entire empire came under Roman control.
Utica (/ ˌ j uː t ɪ k ə /) was an ancient Phoenician and Carthaginian city located near the outflow of the Medjerda River into the Mediterranean, between Carthage in the south and Hippo Diarrhytus (present-day Bizerte) in the north. It is traditionally considered to be the first colony to have been founded by the Phoenicians in North Africa ...
The Carthage Punic Ports were the old ports of the city of Carthage that were in operation during ancient times. Carthage was first and foremost a thalassocracy, [1] that is, a power that was referred to as an Empire of the Seas, whose primary force was based on the scale of its trade. The Carthaginians, however, were not the only ones to ...
Aeneas tells Dido of the fall of Troy. (Guérin 1815)Carthage was founded by Phoenicians coming from the Levant.The city's name in Phoenician language means "New City". [5] There is a tradition in some ancient sources, such as Philistos of Syracuse, for an "early" foundation date of around 1215 BC – that is before the fall of Troy in 1180 BC; however, Timaeus of Taormina, a Greek historian ...
In the 9th century BC, [citation needed] Tyrians established Hadrumetum [1] as a trading post and waypoint along their trade routes to Italy and the Strait of Gibraltar.Its establishment preceded Carthage's [9] but, like other western Phoenician colonies, it became part of the Carthaginian Empire [1] following Nebuchadnezzar II 's long siege of Tyre in the 580s and 570s BC.