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A breech birth is when a baby is born bottom first instead of head first, as is normal. [1] Around 3–5% of pregnant women at term (37–40 weeks pregnant) have a breech baby. [2] Due to their higher than average rate of possible complications for the baby, breech births are generally considered higher risk. [3]
External cephalic version (ECV) is a process by which a breech baby can sometimes be turned from buttocks or foot first to head first. It is a manual procedure that is recommended by national guidelines for breech presentation of a pregnancy with a single baby, in order to enable vaginal delivery.
Multiparous, single breech pregnancy; Multiple pregnancy; Single pregnancy with transverse or oblique lie; Single cephalic pregnancy, 36 weeks' gestation or less; The classification is increasingly used to monitor and compare rates of caesarean section in many countries, and some further subdivisions of the ten groups have been proposed. [3]
The three types of breech positions are footling breech, frank breech, and complete breech. These births occur in 3% to 4% of all term pregnancies. [ 31 ] They usually result in Cesarean sections because it is more difficult to deliver the baby through the birth canal and there is a lack of expertise in vaginal breech delivery and therefore ...
A breech birth is the birth of a baby from a breech presentation, in which the baby exits the pelvis with the buttocks or feet first as opposed to the normal head-first presentation. In breech presentation, fetal heart sounds are heard just above the umbilicus. Babies are usually born head first.
Presentation of twins in Der Rosengarten ("The Rose Garden"), a German standard medical text for midwives published in 1513. In obstetrics, the presentation of a fetus about to be born specifies which anatomical part of the fetus is leading, that is, is closest to the pelvic inlet of the birth canal.
OB-GYNs do not recommend home births, even when attended by a medical professional, if the mother has hypertension or when a breech birth is expected. [5] A 2010 meta-analysis of existing research concluded that planned home births had a three times higher mortality rate for babies. [7] [8]
Current practice guidelines in Canada recommend symphysiotomy for trapped head during vaginal delivery of a breech birth. A 2016 meta-analysis found that in low and middle income countries, there was no difference between maternal and perinatal mortality following either symphysiotomy or C-section. [ 9 ]