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  2. Vortex sheet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex_sheet

    A vortex sheet is a term used in fluid mechanics for a surface across which there is a discontinuity in fluid velocity, such as in slippage of one layer of fluid over another. [1] While the tangential components of the flow velocity are discontinuous across the vortex sheet, the normal component of the flow velocity is continuous.

  3. Vortex lattice method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex_lattice_method

    The Vortex lattice method, (VLM), is a numerical method used in computational fluid dynamics, mainly in the early stages of aircraft design and in aerodynamic education at university level. The VLM models the lifting surfaces, such as a wing , of an aircraft as an infinitely thin sheet of discrete vortices to compute lift and induced drag .

  4. Helmholtz's theorems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmholtz's_theorems

    More simply, vortex lines move with the fluid. Also vortex lines and tubes must appear as a closed loop, extend to infinity or start/end at solid boundaries. Fluid elements initially free of vorticity remain free of vorticity. Helmholtz's theorems have application in understanding: Generation of lift on an airfoil; Starting vortex; Horseshoe vortex

  5. Lift (force) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lift_(force)

    Planview of a wing showing the horseshoe vortex system. The wingtip flow leaving the wing creates a tip vortex. As the main vortex sheet passes downstream from the trailing edge, it rolls up at its outer edges, merging with the tip vortices. The combination of the wingtip vortices and the vortex sheets feeding them is called the vortex wake.

  6. Kármán vortex street - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kármán_vortex_street

    Visualisation of the vortex street behind a circular cylinder in air; the flow is made visible through release of glycerol vapour in the air near the cylinder. In fluid dynamics, a Kármán vortex street (or a von Kármán vortex street) is a repeating pattern of swirling vortices, caused by a process known as vortex shedding, which is responsible for the unsteady separation of flow of a fluid ...

  7. Vortex lift - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex_lift

    However, on a highly-swept wing leading-edge separation still occurs but instead creates a vortex sheet that rolls up above the wing producing spanwise flow beneath. Flow not entrained by the vortex passes over the top of the vortex and reattaches to the wing surface. [5] The vortex generates a high negative pressure field on the top of the wing.

  8. Starting vortex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starting_vortex

    A starting vortex behind a wing profile, made visible by plotting pressure distribution in a CFD simulation.. In fluid dynamics, the starting vortex is a vortex which forms in the air adjacent to the trailing edge of an airfoil as it is accelerated from rest. [1]

  9. Wind-turbine aerodynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind-turbine_aerodynamics

    Due to the computational complexity, it is not currently practical to use these advanced methods for wind turbine design, though research continues in these and other areas related to helicopter and wind turbine aerodynamics. Free vortex models and Lagrangian particle vortex methods [5] are both active areas of research that seek to increase ...