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  2. Tetrachromacy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrachromacy

    The four pigments in a bird's cone cells (in this example, estrildid finches) extend the range of color vision into the ultraviolet. [1]Tetrachromacy (from Greek tetra, meaning "four" and chroma, meaning "color") is the condition of possessing four independent channels for conveying color information, or possessing four types of cone cell in the eye.

  3. Impossible color - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impossible_color

    The human eye's red-to-green and blue-to-yellow values of each one-wavelength visible color [citation needed] Human color sensation is defined by the sensitivity curves (shown here normalized) of the three kinds of cone cells: respectively the short-, medium- and long-wavelength types.

  4. Color vision test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_vision_test

    An Ishihara test image as seen by subjects with normal color vision and by those with a variety of color deficiencies. A pseudoisochromatic plate (from Greek pseudo, meaning "false", iso, meaning "same" and chromo, meaning "color"), often abbreviated as PIP, is a style of standard exemplified by the Ishihara test, generally used for screening of color vision defects.

  5. Color blindness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_blindness

    An Ishihara test image as seen by subjects with normal color vision and by those with a variety of color deficiencies. The main method for diagnosing a color vision deficiency is in testing the color vision directly. The Ishihara color test is the test most often used to detect red–green deficiencies and most often recognized by the public. [1]

  6. Evolution of color vision in primates - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_color_vision...

    A remote vertebrate ancestor of primates possessed tetrachromacy, [1] but nocturnal, warm-blooded, mammalian ancestors lost two of four cones in the retina at the time of dinosaurs. Most teleost fish , reptiles and birds are therefore tetrachromatic while most mammals are strictly dichromats , the exceptions being some primates and marsupials ...

  7. Ishihara test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishihara_Test

    The Ishihara test is a color vision test for detection of red–green color deficiencies. It was named after its designer, Shinobu Ishihara, a professor at the University of Tokyo, who first published his tests in 1917. [2] The test consists of a number of Ishihara plates, which are a type of pseudoisochromatic plate.

  8. Dichromacy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dichromacy

    Dichromacy (from Greek di, meaning "two" and chromo, meaning "color") is the state of having two types of functioning photoreceptors, called cone cells, in the eyes. ...

  9. Gene therapy for color blindness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_therapy_for_color...

    In 2009, adult dichromatic squirrel monkeys were converted into trichromats using gene therapy. [6] New world monkeys are polymorphic in their M-opsin, such that females can be trichromatic, but all males are dichromatic. [6] Recombinant AAV vector was used to deliver a human L-opsin gene subretinally.