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  2. Tin sources and trade during antiquity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tin_sources_and_trade...

    It has been claimed that tin was first mined in Europe around 2500 BC in the Erzgebirge, and knowledge of tin bronze and tin extraction techniques spread from there to Brittany and Cornwall around 2000 BC and from northwestern Europe to northwestern Spain and Portugal around the same time. [19]

  3. Tin mining - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tin_mining

    The earliest bronze objects had tin or arsenic content of less than 2% and are therefore believed to be the result of unintentional alloying due to trace metal content in the copper ore [2] It was soon discovered that the addition of tin or arsenic to copper increased its hardness and made casting much easier, which revolutionized metal working ...

  4. Metals of antiquity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metals_of_antiquity

    The earliest gold artifacts were discovered at the site of Wadi Qana in the Levant. [13] Silver is estimated to have been discovered in Asia Minor shortly after copper and gold. [14] There is evidence that iron was known from before 5000 BC. [15] The oldest known iron objects used by humans are some beads of meteoric iron, made in Egypt in ...

  5. Tin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tin

    The first tin alloy used on a large scale was bronze, made of 1 ⁄ 8 tin and 7 ⁄ 8 copper (12.5% and 87.5% respectively), from as early as 3000 BC. After 600 BC, pure metallic tin was produced. After 600 BC, pure metallic tin was produced.

  6. Metallurgy in pre-Columbian America - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metallurgy_in_pre...

    Sican tumi, or ceremonial knife, Peru, 850–1500 CE. Metallurgy in pre-Columbian America is the extraction, purification and alloying of metals and metal crafting by Indigenous peoples of the Americas prior to European contact in the late 15th century.

  7. History of Alabama - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Alabama

    The first Europeans to make contact with Alabama were the Spanish, with the first permanent European settlement being Mobile, established by the French in 1702. After being a part of the Mississippi Territory (1798–1817) and then the Alabama Territory (1817–1819), Alabama would become a U.S. state on December 14, 1819.

  8. Timeline of the discovery and classification of minerals

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_discovery...

    Columbus, Ohio: Ohio State University. p. 238. hdl:1811/32541. [5] Illustration: amber (lyncurion of Theophrastus), chrysocolla, agate, cinnabar, orpiment, realgar. First brass (calamine plus copper process) appears in the middle of first century BC in the Roman Imperium, zircon and tourmalines are not found on ancient art works.

  9. List of North American settlements by year of foundation

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_North_American...

    Because Lewes was Delaware's first town and because Delaware was the first state to ratify the Constitution, it is known as "the first town in the first state." [citation needed] 1631: Cambridge: Massachusetts: United States [16] 1632: Williamsburg: Virginia: United States: 1633: Ipswich: Massachusetts: United States: 1632: St. John's: Antigua ...