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The single transferable vote (STV) is a proportional representation system and ranked voting rule that elects multiple winners. Under STV, an elector's vote is initially allocated to their first-ranked candidate. Candidates are elected (winners) if their vote tally exceeds the electoral quota.
Preferential voting or preference voting (PV) may refer to different election systems or groups of election systems: Any electoral system that allows a voter to indicate multiple preferences where preferences marked are weighted or used as contingency votes (any system other than plurality or anti-plurality )
Under full-preferential voting, a voter must rank all candidates. Under "optional preferential voting," a voter can mark as many preferences as they desire. Under semi-optional preferential voting, the voter is required to rank some number of candidates greater than one but less than the total number of candidates in the running.
An electoral system (or voting system) is a set of rules that determine how elections and referendums are conducted and how their results are determined.. Some electoral systems elect a single winner (single candidate or option), while others elect multiple winners, such as members of parliament or boards of directors.
Ranked-choice voting (RCV), preferential voting (PV), or the alternative vote (AV), is a multi-round elimination rule based on first-past-the-post. In academic contexts, the system is generally called instant-runoff voting ( IRV ) to avoid conflating it with other methods of ranked voting in general.
Plurality voting is the most common voting system, and has been in widespread use since the earliest democracies.As plurality voting has exhibited weaknesses from its start, especially as soon as a third party joins the race, some individuals turned to transferable votes (facilitated by contingent ranked ballots) to reduce the incidence of wasted votes and unrepresentative election results.
Instant-runoff (preferential) voting method. TPP/TCP vote is calculated when two candidates remain. In Australian politics, the two-party-preferred vote (TPP or 2PP), commonly referred to as simply preferences, is the result of an election or opinion poll after preferences have been distributed to the two candidates with the highest number of votes who, in some cases, can be independents.
Instant-runoff voting (IRV; US: ranked-choice voting (RCV), AU: preferential voting, UK/NZ: alternative vote) is a single-winner, multi-round elimination rule that uses ranked voting to simulate a series of runoff elections. In each round, the candidate with the fewest first-preferences (among the remaining candidates) is eliminated. This ...