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The concept was first explored in 2003 as part of the open innovation movement that was promoted by Henry Chesbrough. [4] [5] The advent of internet banking and development of online technology in the early 2000s led to interest in access to the data, which was first seen in account aggregation attempts by technology companies.
The Revised Payment Services Directive (PSD2, Directive (EU) 2015/2366, [1] which replaced the Payment Services Directive (PSD), Directive 2007/64/EC [2]) is an EU Directive, administered by the European Commission (Directorate General Internal Market) to regulate payment services and payment service providers throughout the European Union (EU) and European Economic Area (EEA).
In the European Union, an Electronic Money Institution can be licensed in any country member but can act and provide services in all EU and EEA countries. [6] The legal basis for e-money issuance in the European Union is covered by EU Directive 2009/110/EC, on the taking up, pursuit and prudential supervision of the business of electronic money institutions establishes, issued by the European ...
The EPI project is backed by the European Commission. It has 16 founding shareholders based in Belgium, France, Germany and the Netherlands: ABN Amro, Belfius, Crédit Mutuel, BNP Paribas, Groupe BPCE, Crédit Agricole, Deutsche Bank, Sparkassen-Finanzgruppe, DZ Bank, ING Group, KBC Bank, La Banque Postale, Nexi, Rabobank, Société Générale, Worldline.
In 2020, Trustly expanded operations to Australia and Canada, complementing its presence in Europe and the United States. [4] In 2023, Trustly reported revenues of $265 million, a 14% increase from 2022, and processed $58 billion in transactions, reflecting the broader growth of open banking solutions. [5]
The development of neobanks in Europe is a trend in the European financial landscape beginning in the 2010s. Neobanks are a type of digital-only bank that offer financial services primarily through mobile and web applications, with little or no reliance on physical branches. The trend was driven by advancements in technology, changing consumer ...
ETIAS is required for entry by land, air and sea to 30 European countries, including the 29 member states of the Schengen Area, as well as Cyprus. Ireland, which is part of the Common Travel Area, is the only member state of the European Union that continues to have its own visa policy and does not plan to join the Schengen Area or to require ETIAS.
The Single Euro Payments Area (SEPA) is a payment integration initiative of the European Union for simplification of bank transfers denominated in euros.As of 2020, there were 36 members in SEPA, [2] consisting of the 27 member states of the European Union, the four member states of the European Free Trade Association (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland), and the United Kingdom.