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Tintin and Alph-Art (French: Tintin et l'Alph-Art) is the unfinished twenty-fourth and final volume of The Adventures of Tintin, the comics series by Belgian cartoonist Hergé.
Titin [5] / ˈ t aɪ t ɪ n / (contraction for Titan protein) (also called connectin) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TTN gene. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] The protein, which is over 1 μm in length, [ 8 ] functions as a molecular spring that is responsible for the passive elasticity of muscle .
Myotilin was originally identified as a novel alpha-actinin binding partner with two Ig-like domains, that localized to the Z-disc. [9] The I-type Ig-like domains reside at the C-terminal half, and are most homologous to Ig domains 2-3 of palladin and Ig domains 4-5 of myopalladin and more distantly related to Z-disc Ig domains 7 and 8 of titin.
Alpha-actinin-2 is a 103.8 kDa protein composed of 894 amino acids. [6] [7] Each molecule is rod-shaped (35 nm in length) and it homodimerizes in an anti-parallel fashion.. Each monomer has an N-terminal actin-binding region composed of two calponin homology domains, two C-terminal EF hand domains, and four tandem spectrin-like repeats form the rod domain in the central region of the molecule.
Alpha-actinin-1 is a non-muscle cytoskeletal isoform found along microfilament bundles and adherens-type junctions, where it is involved in binding actin to the membrane. In contrast, skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle isoforms are localized to the Z-disc and analogous dense bodies, where they help anchor the myofibrillar actin filaments.
There is belief that there is a common alpha-actinin like ancestor gene when looking at features in alpha-actinin and spectrin. [3] Examining spectrin repeat sequences provides evidence for a two-stage model describing the evolution of the spectrin superfamily.
Similar to titin, it is thought to act as a molecular ruler along for thin filament assembly. Several proteins important for the stability of the sarcomeric structure are found in the Z-line as well as in the M-band of the sarcomere. Actin filaments and titin molecules are cross-linked in the Z-disc via the Z-line protein alpha-actinin.
Alpha-actinin-3, also known as alpha-actinin skeletal muscle isoform 3 or F-actin cross-linking protein, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACTN3 gene (named sprinter gene, speed gene or athlete gene) located on chromosome 11. All people have two copies (alleles) of this gene.