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The relationship between alcohol consumption and body weight is the subject of inconclusive studies. Findings of these studies range from increase in body weight to a small decrease among women who begin consuming alcohol. [1] [2] Some of these studies are conducted with numerous subjects; one involved nearly 8,000 and another 140,000 subjects.
Studies on alcohol and weight loss are mixed, however. One 2020 analysis of more than 280,000 people found that those who drank wine had lower BMIs than those who didn’t drink wine.
The impact of alcohol on weight-gain is contentious: some studies find no effect, [142] others find decreased [143] or increased effect on weight gain. Alcohol use increases the risk of chronic gastritis (stomach inflammation); [3] [144] it is one cause of cirrhosis, hepatitis, and pancreatitis in both its chronic and acute forms.
Factors include the increase in use of technology, increase in snacks and portion size of meals, and the decrease in the physical activity of children. A study found that children who use electronic devices three or more hours a day had between a 17–44% increased risk of being overweight, or a 10–61% increased risk of obesity (Cespedes 2011).
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Causes of this weight gain may be linked to increased alcohol intake, consumption of fat and carbohydrate-rich foods, malnutrition, stress, and decreased levels of exercise. Research into the subject has shown that on average, a college student gains from 2-3 lb. (1-1.5 kg) of weight during their first year.
The word was first used in a research-based publication the Quarterly Journal of Studies on Alcohol by American doctor Theron Randolph in 1956. [5] It was continued to use throughout the late 1900s with more cases reported of the condition. In the 21st century, food addiction are often associated with eating disorders. [5]
Dieting is the practice of eating food in a regulated way to decrease, maintain, or increase body weight, or to prevent and treat diseases such as diabetes and obesity.As weight loss depends on calorie intake, different kinds of calorie-reduced diets, such as those emphasising particular macronutrients (low-fat, low-carbohydrate, etc.), have been shown to be no more effective than one another.