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In organic chemistry, the phenyl group, or phenyl ring, is a cyclic group of atoms with the formula C6H5, and is often represented by the symbol Ph (archaically φ) or Ø. The phenyl group is closely related to benzene and can be viewed as a benzene ring, minus a hydrogen, which may be replaced by some other element or compound to serve as a ...
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Correct isomer => resonance form (the benzene structure itself has no isomers) 06:58, 20 August 2009: 1,600 × 900 (121 KB) Matthias M. more space between sp2 and hybridized orbitals: 06:56, 20 August 2009: 1,600 × 900 (121 KB) Matthias M. structural → molecular formula separated sp2 into own text-field: 06:35, 20 August 2009: 1,600 × 900 ...
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Benzene and cyclohexane have a similar structure, only the ring of delocalized electrons and the loss of one hydrogen per carbon distinguishes it from cyclohexane. The molecule is planar. [ 58 ] The molecular orbital description involves the formation of three delocalized π orbitals spanning all six carbon atoms, while the valence bond ...
Simple aromatic rings can be heterocyclic if they contain non-carbon ring atoms, for example, oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur. They can be monocyclic as in benzene, bicyclic as in naphthalene, or polycyclic as in anthracene. Simple monocyclic aromatic rings are usually five-membered rings like pyrrole or six-membered rings like pyridine.
A heterocycle or heterocyclic ring is a ring containing atoms of at least two different elements, i.e. a non-homocyclic ring. [2] A carbocycle or carbocyclic ring is a homocyclic ring in which all of the atoms are carbon. [3] An important class of carbocycles are alicyclic rings, [4] and an important subclass of these are cycloalkanes.