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Hypothalamic–pituitary hormones are hormones that are produced by ... Some have targets in glands and some with direct function. Anterior pituitary is an amalgam of ...
The hypothalamus has the function of regulating certain metabolic processes and other activities of the autonomic nervous system. It synthesizes and secretes certain neurohormones, called releasing hormones or hypothalamic hormones, and these in turn stimulate or inhibit the secretion of hormones from the pituitary gland.
Schematic of the HPA axis (CRH, corticotropin-releasing hormone; ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone) Hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal cortex The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA axis or HTPA axis) is a complex set of direct influences and feedback interactions among three components: the hypothalamus (a part of the brain located below the thalamus), the pituitary gland (a ...
Certain metabolic disorders, such as hemochromatosis (extra iron buildup in the body), can cause or contribute to testosterone deficiency by affecting pituitary or hypothalamic function. Alcohol ...
Panhypopituitarism a decreased secretion of most of the pituitary hormones; Pituitary tumours; Pituitary adenomas, noncancerous tumors that occur in the pituitary gland; All of the functions of the pituitary gland can be adversely affected by an over- or under-production of associated hormones. The pituitary gland is important for mediating the ...
The principal examples are hypothalamic-pituitary hormones that can be classified from several viewpoints: they are hypothalamic hormones (originating in the hypothalamus), they are hypophysiotropic hormones (affecting the hypophysis, that is, the pituitary gland), and they are tropic hormones (having other endocrine glands as their target).
Leptin, an adipocyte-derived hormone discussed under the Regulation section of this Wikipedia page, is significantly reduced in patients with anorexia nervosa due to the loss of body fat. Low leptin levels contribute to the disruption of normal GnRH secretion, as leptin is needed for proper hypothalamic function and the initiation of puberty. [32]
The hypothalamus produces the hormones oxytocin and vasopressin in its endocrine cells (left). These are released at nerve endings in the posterior pituitary gland and then secreted into the systemic circulation. The hypothalamus releases tropic hormones into the hypophyseal portal system to the anterior pituitary (right).